R语言对接CPLEX编译报错：CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST1数组大小为负

问题背景 #

用R编写优化问题，计划通过CPLEX 12.6.3求解。CRAN上的Rcplex仅提供源码包，需编译安装；尝试cplexAPI包时，因R版本不兼容无法安装。已完成以下操作：

• 将R升级至4.2.3，安装Rtools 4.3，并在.Renviron中配置PATH、CPLEX_STUDIO_DIR、CPLEX_STUDIO_LIB环境变量
• CPLEX安装路径为C:\Program Files\IBM\ILOG\CPLEX_Studio1210（但编译时实际调用的是12.6.3的头文件，路径存在混淆）
• 下载Rcplex_0.3-6.tar.gz源码，修改src/Makevars.win路径后重新打包，执行R CMD check Rcplex时安装失败。

报错详情 #

检查阶段错误日志 #

Check Error: 
C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>R CMD check Rcplex
* using log directory 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Rcplex.Rcheck'
* using R version 4.2.3 (2023-03-15 ucrt)
* using platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32 (64-bit)
* using session charset: UTF-8
* checking for file 'Rcplex/DESCRIPTION' ... OK
* this is package 'Rcplex' version '0.3-6'
* checking package namespace information ... OK
* checking package dependencies ... OK
* checking if this is a source package ... OK
* checking if there is a namespace ... OK
* checking for executable files ... OK
* checking for hidden files and directories ... OK
* checking for portable file names ... OK
* **checking whether package 'Rcplex' can be installed ... ERROR
Installation failed.**
See 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Rcplex.Rcheck/00install.out' for details.
* DONE

Status: 1 ERROR
See
  'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Rcplex.Rcheck/00check.log'
for details.

编译阶段错误日志 #

* installing *source* package 'Rcplex' ...
** using staged installation
** libs
"D:/software/rtools43/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/bin/"gcc  -I"D:/software/R-4.2.3/include" -DNDEBUG -g -D_R_=1 -DUSE_R=1 -I"D:/Program Files/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1263/cplex/include" -DBUILD_CPXSTATIC    -I"D:/software/rtools43/x86_64-w64-mingw32.static.posix/include"     -O2 -Wall  -std=gnu99 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mstackrealign  -c Rcplex.c -o Rcplex.o
In file included from D:/Program Files/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1263/cplex/include/ilcplex/cplex.h:17,
                 from Rcplex.h:4,
                 from Rcplex.c:2:
D:/Program Files/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1263/cplex/include/ilcplex/cpxconst.h:189:13: error: size of array 'CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST1' is negative
  189 | typedef int CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST1[1 + (int)sizeof(CPXSIZE) - (int)sizeof(size_t)];
      |             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
make: *** [D:/software/R-4.2.3/etc/x64/Makeconf:255: Rcplex.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package 'Rcplex'
* removing 'C:/Users/Administrator/Documents/Rcplex.Rcheck/Rcplex'

报错来源代码（CPLEX头文件cpxconst.h） #

/* Make sure that CPXSIZE is exactly as wide as size_t. The test
 * below is a compile time test that works unless sizeof(CPXSIZE)
 * and sizeof(size_t) differ by exactly 1. If the sizes differ by
 * more than 1 then at least one of the typedefs below defines an
 * array of negative length. This should be caught by the compiler.
 */
#ifndef CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST_DISABLE
typedef int CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST1[1 + (int)sizeof(CPXSIZE) - (int)sizeof(size_t)];
typedef int CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST2[1 + (int)sizeof(size_t) - (int)sizeof(CPXSIZE)];
#endif /* !CPXSIZE_BITS_TEST_DISABLE */

#endif /* !CPX_INTWIDTH_H */

解决方法 #

方法1：禁用CPXSIZE宽度检查 #

编译时添加宏定义跳过CPLEX的类型宽度校验：

1. 打开解压后的Rcplex源码目录，进入src文件夹，编辑Makevars.win
2. 找到PKG_CPPFLAGS行，在末尾追加 -DCPXSIZE_BITS_TEST_DISABLE，修改后类似：

   PKG_CPPFLAGS = -I"$(CPLEX_STUDIO_DIR)/cplex/include" -DBUILD_CPXSTATIC -DCPXSIZE_BITS_TEST_DISABLE
   

3. 重新执行打包和安装命令：

   R CMD build --no-build-vignettes --no-manual --md5 Rcplex
   R CMD INSTALL Rcplex_0.3-6.tar.gz
   

方法2：修正CPLEX路径与版本匹配 #

当前操作中存在CPLEX版本路径混淆（安装了12.10但编译调用12.6.3的头文件），需统一版本：

1. 确认实际使用的CPLEX版本是12.6.3，将.Renviron中的CPLEX_STUDIO_DIR修改为：

   CPLEX_STUDIO_DIR="C:/Program Files/IBM/ILOG/CPLEX_Studio1263"
   

2. 同步修改Makevars.win中的CPLEX路径，确保与实际安装路径一致
3. 重新打包安装

方法3：匹配编译架构 #

确保所有工具均为64位：

• 确认R是64位版本（打开R，查看控制台开头的platform信息为x86_64-w64-mingw32）
• 确认Rtools 4.3安装的是64位版本
• 确认CPLEX 12.6.3是64位版本，安装路径对应64位目录

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Yun Cai