Windows10(mingw64)安装nbtlib遇VC6.0不支持错误求助

问题场景 #

在Windows 10的mingw64环境下安装Python包nbtlib时，触发编译依赖numpy的错误，核心报错为distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: VC 6.0 is not supported by this module。已将wheel、pip、setuptools、msys、Python更新至最新版本，但未找到适配方案。

完整错误日志 #

Collecting nbtlib
  Using cached nbtlib-2.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (28 kB)
Collecting numpy
  Using cached numpy-1.24.2.tar.gz (10.9 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [40 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 112, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          backend = _build_backend()
        File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.10\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 77, in _build_backend
          obj = import_module(mod_path)
        File "C:/msys64/mingw64/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
          return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)        
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load   
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 992, in _find_and_load_unlocked
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import      
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load   
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked    
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 887, in exec_module
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
        File "C:/Users/Rudradev Arya/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-build-env-om7n17__/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 242, in <module>
          monkey.patch_all()
        File "C:/Users/Rudradev Arya/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-build-env-om7n17__/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py", line 99, in patch_all
          patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler()
        File "C:/Users/Rudradev Arya/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-build-env-om7n17__/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py", line 162, in patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler
          patch_func(*msvc9('find_vcvarsall'))
        File "C:/Users/Rudradev Arya/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-build-env-om7n17__/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py", line 149, in patch_params
          mod = import_module(mod_name)
        File "C:/msys64/mingw64/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
          return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)        
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import      
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load   
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked    
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 887, in exec_module
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
        File "C:/Users/Rudradev Arya/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-build-env-om7n17__/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/msvc9compiler.py", line 295, in <module>
          raise DistutilsPlatformError("VC %0.1f is not supported by this module" % VERSION)
      distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: VC 6.0 is not supported by this module
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

解决方法 #

方法1：强制使用预编译numpy wheel包 #

执行以下命令，让pip跳过numpy的源码编译，直接使用预编译的wheel包：

pip install nbtlib --only-binary=numpy

原理：nbtlib依赖numpy，报错根源是pip在mingw64环境下尝试编译numpy源码时，setuptools误检测到系统存在VC6.0并判定不支持，使用预编译wheel可完全跳过编译环节。

方法2：通过mingw包管理器安装numpy #

如果方法1无效，可直接通过mingw的包管理器安装适配环境的numpy，再安装nbtlib：

1. 打开mingw64终端，执行：

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-numpy

2. 再安装nbtlib：

pip install nbtlib

方法3：临时禁用setuptools的MSVC补丁 #

通过环境变量让setuptools使用Python标准库自带的distutils，避免触发错误的VC版本检测：

SET SETUPTOOLS_USE_DISTUTILS=stdlib && pip install nbtlib

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rudradev Arya