如何将带点分隔符表头的R数据导出为指定格式Excel？

这个需求是可以实现的，推荐使用openxlsx包来操作Excel格式，完成表头合并的效果，具体步骤如下：

1. 安装并加载依赖包

install.packages("openxlsx")
library(openxlsx)

2. 构建多级表头并写入数据

# 创建工作簿和工作表
wb <- createWorkbook()
addWorksheet(wb, sheetName = "result")

# 定义两行表头：第一行是大分类，第二行是子项
header_top <- c("X", "Y", "Choice1", "Choice1", "Choice2", "Choice3")
header_bottom <- c("X", "Y", "a", "b", "a", "b")

# 写入表头行
writeData(wb, sheet = "result", x = rbind(header_top, header_bottom), 
          startRow = 1, startCol = 1, colNames = FALSE)

# 写入原始数据（从第三行开始）
writeData(wb, sheet = "result", x = data, startRow = 3, colNames = FALSE)

# 合并大分类对应的表头单元格
mergeCells(wb, sheet = "result", cols = 3:4, rows = 1)
mergeCells(wb, sheet = "result", cols = 5:5, rows = 1)
mergeCells(wb, sheet = "result", cols = 6:6, rows = 1)

# 可选：给表头添加加粗居中样式，提升可读性
header_style <- createStyle(textDecoration = "bold", halign = "center")
addStyle(wb, sheet = "result", header_style, rows = 1:2, cols = 1:6, gridExpand = TRUE)

# 保存文件
saveWorkbook(wb, "merged_header_data.xlsx", overwrite = TRUE)

如果不需要合并表头，仅替换列名分隔符可以用更简单的方式：

基础R实现 #

# 替换列名的点为空格
colnames(data) <- gsub("\\.", " ", colnames(data))

# 导出Excel（用writexl包，轻量无Java依赖）
install.packages("writexl")
library(writexl)
write_xlsx(data, "renamed_columns_data.xlsx")

dplyr风格实现 #

install.packages(c("dplyr", "writexl"))
library(dplyr)
library(writexl)

data %>%
  rename_with(~ gsub("\\.", " ", .x)) %>%
  write_xlsx("renamed_columns_data.xlsx")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者melmo