Linux下PyInstaller打包可执行文件运行时出现InvalidVersion错误求助

问题场景 #

使用包含pandas、holoviews等库的Python脚本处理CSV数据，执行pyinstaller grant.py生成可执行文件后，运行./grant时触发版本验证错误。

脚本内容 #

import datetime
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
# import xarray as xr


import holoviews as hv
import colorcet as cc

df = pd.read_csv('./grant.csv')
print(df.head())
df_2012 = df.loc[df['year']==2012, :].copy()

hv.Points(
    data=df_2012,
    kdims=['beak length (mm)', 'beak depth (mm)'],
    vdims=['species'],
)

报错信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "grant.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 495, in exec_module
  File "holoviews/__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 495, in exec_module
  File "holoviews/util/__init__.py", line 15, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 495, in exec_module
  File "holoviews/core/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 495, in exec_module
  File "holoviews/core/boundingregion.py", line 12, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 495, in exec_module
  File "holoviews/core/util.py", line 53, in <module>
  File "packaging/version.py", line 266, in __init__
packaging.version.InvalidVersion: Invalid version: 'None'
[1396395] Failed to execute script 'grant' due to unhandled exception!

解决方案 #

该错误源于PyInstaller打包时，Holoviews依赖的某个库版本号被解析为None，导致packaging.version验证失败。可通过以下方式解决：

• 方法1：锁定兼容版本
  安装与PyInstaller兼容的Holoviews及packaging版本，重新打包：

  pip install holoviews==1.14.9 packaging==21.3
  pyinstaller grant.py
  

• 方法2：显式指定隐藏依赖
  打包时添加--hidden-import参数，补充缺失的版本相关依赖：

  pyinstaller --hidden-import=packaging.version --hidden-import=holoviews.core.util grant.py
  

• 方法3：修改Holoviews版本检测逻辑（临时方案）
  找到holoviews/core/util.py中版本检测的代码，添加对None值的兼容处理：

  # 原代码可能类似
  # from packaging.version import Version
  # version = Version(some_version_string)
  
  # 修改为
  from packaging.version import parse
  some_version_string = some_version_string or "0.0.0"
  version = parse(some_version_string)
  

  修改后重新打包。

• 方法4：使用PyInstaller钩子扩展库
  安装包含第三方库打包钩子的扩展库，自动处理依赖问题：

  pip install pyinstaller-hooks-contrib
  pyinstaller grant.py
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Debashish Samantaray