解决python-telegram-bot V20.2中MessageFilter.check_update()参数缺失错误

问题场景 #

我正在使用python-telegram-bot V20.2开发类似Telegram官方「聊天与用户选择」的功能，在处理用户分享群组/频道聊天的事件时遇到问题。以下是我的代码：

from telegram import Update, KeyboardButton, KeyboardButtonRequestChat, ReplyKeyboardMarkup
from telegram.ext import ApplicationBuilder, CommandHandler, CallbackContext, MessageHandler, filters


bot_token = "bot_token"


# python-telegram-bot setup
application = ApplicationBuilder().token(bot_token).build()

# python-telegram-bot command handler
async def start(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    request_chat = KeyboardButtonRequestChat(1, True)
    keyboard = [[KeyboardButton("Request Chat", request_chat=request_chat)]]
    reply_markup = ReplyKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
    await update.message.reply_text('Please share your contact details', reply_markup=reply_markup)


async def request_contact(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    chat = update.message.chat_shared
    if chat.request_id == 1:
        print(chat.chat_id)


application.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
application.add_handler(MessageHandler(filters._Contact, request_contact)) #here is the problem!

print('Running...')
application.run_polling()

报错信息 #

运行机器人、调用/start命令并分享聊天后，出现如下错误：

No error handlers are registered, logging exception.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/amin/anaconda3/envs/telegramBot/lib/python3.11/site-packages/telegram/ext/_application.py", line 1099, in process_update
    check = handler.check_update(update)  # Should the handler handle this update?
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/amin/anaconda3/envs/telegramBot/lib/python3.11/site-packages/telegram/ext/_messagehandler.py", line 99, in check_update
    return self.filters.check_update(update) or False
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
TypeError: MessageFilter.check_update() missing 1 required positional argument: 'update'

错误原因与解决方案 #

错误原因 #

1. 误用内部类过滤器：filters._Contact是库的内部实现类（以下划线开头），不允许直接在业务代码中实例化使用，必须使用库提供的公开过滤器常量。
2. 过滤器类型不匹配：当前场景是处理聊天分享事件，但误用了联系人相关的过滤器，导致事件捕获逻辑完全错误。

修正后的代码 #

将过滤器替换为filters.CHAT_SHARED，同时可以把处理函数名改为更贴合功能的request_chat：

from telegram import Update, KeyboardButton, KeyboardButtonRequestChat, ReplyKeyboardMarkup
from telegram.ext import ApplicationBuilder, CommandHandler, CallbackContext, MessageHandler, filters


bot_token = "bot_token"


# python-telegram-bot setup
application = ApplicationBuilder().token(bot_token).build()

# python-telegram-bot command handler
async def start(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    request_chat = KeyboardButtonRequestChat(1, True)
    keyboard = [[KeyboardButton("Request Chat", request_chat=request_chat)]]
    reply_markup = ReplyKeyboardMarkup(keyboard)
    # 修正提示文案匹配聊天分享场景
    await update.message.reply_text('Please share a chat', reply_markup=reply_markup)


async def request_chat(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    chat = update.message.chat_shared
    if chat.request_id == 1:
        print(f"Shared chat ID: {chat.chat_id}")


application.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
# 替换为正确的聊天分享过滤器
application.add_handler(MessageHandler(filters.CHAT_SHARED, request_chat))

print('Running...')
application.run_polling()

关键说明 #

• filters.CHAT_SHARED是python-telegram-bot提供的公开过滤器，专门用于捕获用户分享聊天（群组/频道）的消息事件。
• 以下划线开头的类均为库内部实现细节，禁止在业务代码中直接调用，避免出现实例化或版本兼容问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Amin Sanei