Spring Boot 3中maven-jaxb2-plugin报错：javax.xml.bind.annotation不存在

我正在构建Spring Boot 3 SOAP消费者中间件，使用spring-boot-starter-web-services依赖和maven-jaxb2-plugin从WSDL生成STUB类，但构建项目时出现编译错误。

报错信息 #

[ERROR] /E:/java/client-2/src/main/java/com/soap/client/countrySOAP/CountryName.java:[15,33] package javax.xml.bind.annotation does not exist

问题原因 #

生成的STUB类导入了javax.xml.bind.annotation相关包，但Spring Boot 3基于Jakarta EE规范，依赖的是Jakarta XML Bind组件（对应包路径为jakarta.xml.bind.annotation），两者包路径不兼容导致编译失败。

当前项目pom.xml配置 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.6</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.soap</groupId>
    <artifactId>client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.xml.bind-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2.maven2</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jaxb2-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.14.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <generatePackage>com.soap.client.countrySOAP</generatePackage>
                    <generateDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java</generateDirectory>
                    <schemaDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl</schemaDirectory>
                    <schemaIncludes>
                        <include>*.wsdl</include>
                    </schemaIncludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

生成的类代码片段 #

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;

解决方案 #

1. 升级maven-jaxb2-plugin版本并配置Jakarta支持

旧版本的maven-jaxb2-plugin（如0.14.0）默认生成基于javax的注解，需要升级到支持Jakarta的版本（3.1.0及以上），并添加参数强制生成Jakarta风格的注解。

修改后的插件配置如下：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2.maven2</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jaxb2-plugin</artifactId>
    <!-- 升级到支持Jakarta的版本 -->
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>generate</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <generatePackage>com.soap.client.countrySOAP</generatePackage>
        <generateDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java</generateDirectory>
        <schemaDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl</schemaDirectory>
        <schemaIncludes>
            <include>*.wsdl</include>
        </schemaIncludes>
        <!-- 添加参数生成Jakarta注解 -->
        <args>
            <arg>-jakarta</arg>
        </args>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

2. 移除冗余依赖

spring-boot-starter-web-services已经包含了兼容Spring Boot 3的Jakarta XML Bind依赖，无需手动添加jakarta.xml.bind-api和jaxb-impl，移除这两个依赖避免版本冲突：

<!-- 移除以下两个依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>jakarta.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.xml.bind-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

3. 重新生成代码

执行以下Maven命令清理并重新生成STUB类：

mvn clean generate-sources

此时生成的类会自动导入jakarta.xml.bind.annotation包，编译错误即可解决。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rakib Ahmed