Unity iOS/Android构建报错：System.TypeLoadException无法解析Google.EditorInitializer

问题描述 #

开发跨iOS和Android的Unity项目，此前已成功上架iOS App Store，但部署Android时触发以下错误，且现在iOS构建也受影响。自上次成功构建后未修改任何代码，已尝试重装Unity、升降级版本、重新安装模块，均无法解决。

错误信息：

System.TypeLoadException: Could not resolve type with token 01000075 from typeref (expected class 'Google.EditorInitializer' in assembly 'Google.VersionHandlerImpl, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null')
UnityEditor.EditorAssemblies:ProcessInitializeOnLoadAttributes (System.Type[]) (at /Users/bokken/build/output/unity/unity/Editor/Mono/EditorAssemblies.cs:130)

System.TypeLoadException: Could not resolve type with token 01000075 from typeref (expected class 'Google.EditorInitializer' in assembly 'Google.VersionHandlerImpl, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null')
UnityEditor.EditorAssemblies:ProcessInitializeOnLoadAttributes (System.Type[]) (at /Users/bokken/build/output/unity/unity/Editor/Mono/EditorAssemblies.cs:130)

TypeLoadException: Could not resolve type with token 01000075 from typeref (expected class 'Google.EditorInitializer' in assembly 'Google.VersionHandlerImpl, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null')
Rethrow as TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'Firebase.Editor.GenerateXmlFromGoogleServicesJson' threw an exception.
System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke (System.Object obj, System.Reflection.BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) (at <b6c5d0f08ddf477186f780f49bb14dee>:0)
Rethrow as TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.
System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke (System.Object obj, System.Reflection.BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) (at <b6c5d0f08ddf477186f780f49bb14dee>:0)
System.Reflection.MethodBase.Invoke (System.Object obj, System.Object[] parameters) (at <b6c5d0f08ddf477186f780f49bb14dee>:0)
UnityEditor.AssetPostprocessingInternal.InvokeMethod (System.Reflection.MethodInfo method, System.Object[] args) (at /Users/bokken/build/output/unity/unity/Editor/Mono/AssetPostprocessor.cs:1145)
UnityEditor.AssetPostprocessingInternal.PostprocessAllAssets (System.String[] importedAssets, System.String[] addedAssets, System.String[] deletedAssets, System.String[] movedAssets, System.String[] movedFromPathAssets, System.Boolean didDomainReload) (at /Users/bokken/build/output/unity/unity/Editor/Mono/AssetPostprocessor.cs:385)

解决方案 #

1. 彻底清理Google/Firebase相关残留文件 #

• 关闭Unity编辑器，删除项目根目录下的Library、Temp、Obj文件夹，这些缓存目录常引发程序集加载异常
• 删除Assets/Plugins/Google和Assets/Firebase文件夹（若项目使用Firebase服务）
• 打开Packages/manifest.json移除所有Google、Firebase相关包引用；同时删除Packages/packages-lock.json中对应条目，避免残留版本锁定

2. 重新导入对应版本的Google/Firebase包 #

• 重启Unity，通过Package Manager重新添加与上次成功构建时版本完全一致的Google/Firebase相关包
• 若使用Firebase，建议直接从Firebase官网下载对应版本的Unity SDK压缩包手动导入，避免Package Manager自动拉取的版本出现兼容性问题

3. 清理编辑器程序集残留 #

• 删除Assets/Editor目录下自动生成的Google相关文件（如GoogleVersionHandler.cs类文件）
• 检查Assembly-CSharp-Editor.csproj等编辑器程序集配置，确保无异常引用Google.VersionHandlerImpl

4. 验证Firebase配置文件 #

• 重新从Firebase控制台下载最新的google-services.json（Android）和GoogleService-Info.plist（iOS），替换项目中旧文件
• 确认配置文件的包名/Bundle ID与项目Player Settings中的设置完全匹配

5. 检查Unity运行时与插件兼容性 #

• 打开Player Settings → Other Settings，确认Scripting Runtime Version、Api Compatibility Level与上次成功构建时保持一致
• 排查项目中其他第三方插件（如广告、分析工具）是否与Google/Firebase包存在版本冲突，暂时禁用可疑插件后尝试构建

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dhwanit Zaveri