在Spyder中无法创建Matplotlib图形的技术求助

Hey there, let's tackle this Matplotlib/Spyder issue you're facing after the Fedora update. I've seen similar conflicts with older Spyder versions and newer Python/Qt stacks, so here are some actionable fixes to try:

Root Cause Breakdown #

• The TypeError with the PyQt5 backend stems from compatibility gaps between Spyder 4.1.5 (a 2020 release) and Python 3.9 plus your updated Fedora Qt libraries. The super() call error specifically points to a mismatch between Spyder's custom Qt application wrapper and Matplotlib's Qt backend implementation.
• Switching to PyQt4 won't work because Python 3.9 dropped official support for PyQt4 entirely—hence the ModuleNotFoundError.

Recommended Fixes (Try in Order) #

1. Upgrade Spyder to a Compatible Version
   Spyder 4.1.5 wasn't built to fully support Python 3.9. Upgrading to Spyder 5.x (designed for Python 3.7–3.11) should resolve the Qt backend conflict. Run this in your terminal:

   pip install --upgrade spyder
   

   Note: If you installed Spyder via Fedora's dnf, consider using a virtual environment to avoid clashing with outdated system packages (Fedora 33 is end-of-life and won't receive updated Spyder builds).

2. Reset Spyder's Configuration
   Corrupted config files often cause backend mishaps. Reset Spyder to default settings with:

   spyder --reset
   

   Restart Spyder after this and test creating a Matplotlib figure again.

3. Switch to Matplotlib's Inline Backend
   If updating isn't feasible right now, bypass the Qt backend issue by rendering figures directly in the IPython console:

   • Open Spyder and go to Tools > Preferences
   • Navigate to IPython Console > Graphics
   • Set the Backend dropdown to Inline
   • Click Apply and restart Spyder

4. Reinstall Qt-Related Dependencies
   If upgrading Spyder doesn't fix it, refresh the core packages Spyder and Matplotlib rely on:

   pip install --upgrade pyqt5 spyder-kernels matplotlib
   

I’ve used these steps to resolve identical issues on Fedora systems before, so one of them should get your Matplotlib figures working in Spyder again.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者blongo