Ubuntu虚拟环境中Python脚本无法导入google-cloud speech模块

在Ubuntu本地虚拟开发环境中尝试通过Python脚本调用Google Cloud语音转写功能，但运行Flask应用时一直出现导入错误，查阅相关方案后仍无法解决。

虚拟环境pip包列表 #

执行pip list仅显示以下内容：

(env) localhost: pip list
pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
pip        22.0.2
setuptools 59.6.0

运行Flask的错误信息 #

执行flask run --debug时出现如下错误：

(env) localhost: flask run --debug
flask run --debug
 * Tip: There are .env or .flaskenv files present. Do "pip install python-dotenv" to use them.
Usage: flask run [OPTIONS]
Try 'flask run --help' for help.

Error: While importing 'app', an ImportError was raised:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/www/openai-quickstart-python/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 218, in locate_app
    __import__(module_name)
  File "/var/www/openai-quickstart-python/app.py", line 47, in <module>
    transcribe_file('audio-dara.mp3')
  File "/var/www/openai-quickstart-python/app.py", line 25, in transcribe_file
    from google.cloud import speech
ImportError: cannot import name 'speech' from 'google.cloud' (unknown location)

app.py代码内容 #

m enum import Enum
import time, sys
# import google.cloud.texttospeech as tts                                                                                                                                              
import simpleaudio as sa
import logging
import google.cloud

# General libs                                                                                                                                                                         
app = Flask(__name__)
openai.api_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")

question1 = "Tell me about the Cork Gay Project?"
question2 = "Why was the Cork Gay Project created?"


def transcribe_file(speech_file):
    # Imports the Google Cloud client library                                                                                                                                           
    from google.cloud import speech

    # Instantiates a client                                                                                                                                                            
    client = speech.SpeechClient()

    # The name of the audio file to transcribe                                                                                                                                          
    gcs_uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/speech/brooklyn_bridge.raw"

    audio = speech.RecognitionAudio(uri=gcs_uri)

    config = speech.RecognitionConfig(
        encoding=speech.RecognitionConfig.AudioEncoding.LINEAR16,
        sample_rate_hertz=16000,
        language_code="en-US",
    )

    # Detects speech in the audio file                                                                                                                                                 
    response = client.recognize(config=config, audio=audio)

    for result in response.results:
        print("Transcript: {}".format(result.alternatives[0].transcript))

transcribe_file('audio-dara.mp3')

安装包的异常情况 #

尝试安装google-cloud包，但虚拟环境的pip list未显示该包；使用sudo安装时提示该包已存在于系统Python路径中：

(env) localhost: sudo pip install google-cloud
sudo pip install google-cloud
Requirement already satisfied: google-cloud in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages (0.34.0)
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv

解决步骤 #

1. 安装正确的Google Cloud语音转写库
   Google Cloud客户端库采用分模块设计，google-cloud是过时的元包，语音转写需要安装专门的google-cloud-speech包。确保虚拟环境处于激活状态（命令行显示(env)），执行：

   pip install google-cloud-speech flask python-dotenv openai simpleaudio
   

2. 避免用sudo安装虚拟环境依赖
   sudo会将包安装到系统全局Python环境，而非当前虚拟环境。始终在激活虚拟环境后直接用pip install命令安装依赖。

3. 修正代码中的缺失导入和语法错误

   • 第一行错误的m enum import Enum改为from enum import Enum
   • 添加缺失的导入语句：

     from flask import Flask
     import openai
     import os
     

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Myuser03