Xcode 14.1单元测试执行失败：iOS模拟器13.7无法运行测试

问题现象 #

在Xcode 14.1（Build 14B47b）、macOS 13.3.1环境下，使用iOS 13.7模拟器运行任意项目的Unit Test Target时，均出现运行失败。报错提示「系统无法安装或启动测试运行器」，底层错误为通过launchd生成进程失败，文件描述符错误（Mach错误9 - (os/kern)内存故障），具体错误日志如下：

Details

Process spawn via launchd failed.
Domain: NSPOSIXErrorDomain
Code: 9
Failure Reason: Bad file descriptor
User Info: {
    DVTErrorCreationDateKey = "2023-04-26 21:17:18 +0000";
    IDERunOperationFailingWorker = IDELaunchiPhoneSimulatorLauncher;
    Session = "com.apple.CoreSimulator.SimDevice.32CA512F-AF12-4E75-B34C-D43C9AB75CDE";
}
--
The operation couldn’t be completed. (Mach error 9 - (os/kern) memory failure)
Domain: NSMachErrorDomain
Code: 9
--

Analytics Event: com.apple.dt.IDERunOperationWorkerFinished : {
    "device_model" = "iPhone12,5";
    "device_osBuild" = "13.7 (17H22)";
    "device_platform" = "com.apple.platform.iphonesimulator";
    "launchSession_schemeCommand" = Test;
    "launchSession_state" = 1;
    "launchSession_targetArch" = "x86_64";
    "operation_duration_ms" = 59;
    "operation_errorCode" = 9;
    "operation_errorDomain" = NSPOSIXErrorDomain;
    "operation_errorWorker" = IDELaunchiPhoneSimulatorLauncher;
    "operation_name" = IDERunOperationWorkerGroup;
    "param_consoleMode" = 0;
    "param_debugger_attachToExtensions" = 0;
    "param_debugger_attachToXPC" = 1;
    "param_debugger_type" = 3;
    "param_destination_isProxy" = 0;
    "param_destination_platform" = "com.apple.platform.iphonesimulator";
    "param_diag_MainThreadChecker_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_MallocStackLogging_enableDuringAttach" = 0;
    "param_diag_MallocStackLogging_enableForXPC" = 0;
    "param_diag_allowLocationSimulation" = 1;
    "param_diag_checker_tpc_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_gpu_frameCapture_enable" = 3;
    "param_diag_gpu_shaderValidation_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_gpu_validation_enable" = 1;
    "param_diag_memoryGraphOnResourceException" = 0;
    "param_diag_queueDebugging_enable" = 1;
    "param_diag_runtimeProfile_generate" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_asan_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_tsan_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_tsan_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_ubsan_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_showNonLocalizedStrings" = 0;
    "param_diag_viewDebugging_enabled" = 1;
    "param_diag_viewDebugging_insertDylibOnLaunch" = 0;
    "param_install_style" = 0;
    "param_launcher_UID" = 2;
    "param_launcher_allowDeviceSensorReplayData" = 0;
    "param_launcher_kind" = 0;
    "param_launcher_style" = 0;
    "param_launcher_substyle" = 0;
    "param_runnable_appExtensionHostRunMode" = 0;
    "param_runnable_productType" = "com.apple.product-type.tool";
    "param_runnable_type" = 1;
    "param_testing_launchedForTesting" = 1;
    "param_testing_suppressSimulatorApp" = 0;
    "param_testing_usingCLI" = 0;
    "sdk_canonicalName" = "iphonesimulator16.1";
    "sdk_osVersion" = "16.1";
    "sdk_variant" = iphonesimulator;
}
--


System Information

macOS Version 13.3.1 (Build 22E261)
Xcode 14.1 (21534.1) (Build 14B47b)
Timestamp: 2023-04-26T23:17:18+02:00

解决方案 #

• 更换高版本模拟器：Xcode 14.1对iOS 13.7这类旧版本模拟器兼容性不佳，直接切换到iOS 14及以上版本（比如与当前Xcode匹配的iOS 16.1）的模拟器，大概率能解决问题。
• 重置模拟器：打开模拟器，点击顶部菜单Device > Erase All Content and Settings，重置完成后重启Xcode再尝试运行测试。
• 清理Xcode及模拟器缓存：
  1. 完全关闭Xcode
  2. 打开终端，执行命令清除Xcode衍生数据：rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData
  3. 执行命令清除模拟器设备缓存：rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices
  4. 重启Mac后重新打开Xcode，新建模拟器并运行测试
• 降级Xcode版本：如果必须使用iOS 13.7模拟器，建议降级到Xcode 13.x版本，该版本对iOS 13系列模拟器的支持更完善，可避免版本适配冲突。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ansari