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使用Spring MVC出现资源找不到错误,疑版本不匹配求适配版本

问题与解决方案

问题描述

开发首个网站应用时出现404错误,错误提示:

The origin server did not find a current representation for the target resource or is not willing to divulge that one exists

怀疑是版本不匹配导致,寻求适配版本及解决办法,相关代码与配置如下:

相关代码与配置

Controller代码

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HomeController {
    @GetMapping
    public String Default() {
        return "Home";
    }
}

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    version="3.0">
    <display-name>Phone-Accessories</display-name>
    <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/PhoneAccessories-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

servlet.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dth.Controller"></context:component-scan>
    <import resource="classpath:IoC.xml" />
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
    <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:annotation-driven enable-matrix-variables="true"/>
</beans>

pom.xml配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.dth</groupId>
    <artifactId>PhoneAccessories</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring WebMVC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JUnit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Servlet API -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.1</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>project name</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

部署配置截图

部署配置截图

错误结果截图

错误结果截图

核心问题与适配方案

版本不匹配分析

当前配置存在严重的版本兼容问题:

  • Spring 6.x(spring-webmvc 6.0.3)基于Jakarta EE 9+,要求使用jakarta.servlet-api而非旧的javax.servlet-api,且Java版本必须≥17,Servlet容器(如Tomcat)需≥10.x。
  • 你的web.xml是Servlet 3.0版本,依赖的是javax.servlet-api 4.0.1,完全不兼容Spring 6.x。
  • servlet.xml中引用的Spring schema是4.3版本,与Spring 6.x不匹配。

两种适配方案

方案一:降级到Spring 5.x(兼容Java 8+,入门友好)

Spring 5.x支持Java 8+,兼容Servlet 3.0+,无需大幅调整现有配置:

  1. 修改pom.xml中的spring-webmvc版本:
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.29</version> <!-- Spring 5.x最后一个稳定版本 -->
</dependency>
  1. 更新servlet.xml中的schema版本为5.3:
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-5.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-5.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-5.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-5.3.xsd"
  1. 保持javax.servlet-api 4.0.1和web.xml 3.0版本不变,使用Tomcat 9.x即可运行。

方案二:升级到Spring 6.x的正确配置

如果要使用最新的Spring 6.x,需做以下调整:

  1. 升级Java版本到17+。
  2. 修改pom.xml依赖:
<!-- 替换javax.servlet-api为jakarta.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 保持spring-webmvc 6.0.3或升级到最新稳定版 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.15</version> <!-- 最新稳定版 -->
</dependency>
  1. 更新web.xml为Servlet 5.0版本(适配Jakarta EE 9):
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
         version="5.0">
    <!-- 原有内容不变 -->
</web-app>
  1. 更新servlet.xml中的schema版本为6.0:
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-6.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-6.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-6.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-6.0.xsd"
  1. 使用Tomcat 10.x或更高版本的Servlet容器。

额外检查项

  • 确认/WEB-INF/views/Home.jsp文件存在,文件名大小写与Controller返回的"Home"一致(JSP文件名区分大小写)。
  • 检查Controller的包路径:Java包名通常为小写,com.dth.Controller建议改为com.dth.controller,同时调整servlet.xml中的context:component-scan的base-package为com.dth.controller。
  • 确认Tomcat部署的上下文路径正确(截图中部署路径为/PhoneAccessories,访问时需用http://localhost:8080/PhoneAccessories而非根路径)。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange,提问作者do hai

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最近更新时间:2026.07.23 12:28:07