如何使用jq批量替换JSON值且避免结果重复？

需求说明 #

需要更新JSON文件中满足以下所有条件的属性：

• 属性名称包含Description字符串
• 属性的ismydata属性值为true
• 属性的deprecatedVersion值为空字符串

示例JSON #

{
  "name": "account",
  "description": "Some description",
  "attributes": {
   "accountNameCode": {
      "description": "Name of the account type.",
      "type": "string",
      "ismydata": true,
      "deprecatedVersion": ""
    },
    "accountNameDescription": {
      "description": "Description of the account type.",
      "type": "string",
      "ismydata": true,
      "deprecatedVersion": ""
    },
    "anotherDescription": {
      "description": "Some other thing.",
      "type": "string",
      "ismydata": true,
      "deprecatedVersion": ""
    }
  }
}

原脚本问题 #

原脚本会为每个匹配项生成一份完整的JSON副本，导致输出多份结构相同的结果：

(.attributes 
| with_entries( select(.key|contains("Description"))) 
| keys[] as $k | .[$k] 
| select(.ismydata==true) and select(.deprecatedVersion=="") | $k) as $matchKey
| .attributes[$matchKey].description as $description
| .attributes[$matchKey].deprecatedVersion |= "Y"
| .attributes[$matchKey].description |= "Deprecated- this has been replaced by... " + $description

修改后的脚本 #

使用with_entries批量处理符合条件的属性，只输出一份修改后的完整JSON：

.attributes |= with_entries(
  if .key | contains("Description") 
  and .value.ismydata == true 
  and .value.deprecatedVersion == ""
  then .value |= (
    .deprecatedVersion = "Y"
    | .description = "Deprecated- this has been replaced by... " + .description
  )
  else . end
)

脚本说明 #

原脚本的问题在于通过keys[] as $k遍历匹配键时，每次循环都会触发一次完整JSON的输出。修改后的脚本直接在.attributes层级上，用with_entries对每个条目进行判断：

1. 检查键是否包含Description
2. 检查对应值的ismydata是否为true
3. 检查deprecatedVersion是否为空字符串
4. 对符合条件的条目，一次性修改deprecatedVersion和description字段
   整个过程只对原始JSON做一次批量修改，最终输出单一的完整JSON结构。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Timbuck