如何将MongoDB Schema/示例对象自动生成C#实体类？

DevOps 小满

2026-7-23

如何根据MongoDB Schema结构生成对应的C#实体类？

输入的MongoDB Schema结构：

{
 bsonType: "object",
 title: "Movie object",
 required: [ "title", "year", "runtime", "plot", "cast" ],
 properties: {
    title: {
       bsonType: "string",
       description: "'name' must be a string and is required"
    },
    year: {
       bsonType: "int",
       minimum: 2017,
       maximum: 3017,
       description: "'year' must be an integer in [ 2017, 3017 ] and is required"
    },
    runtime: {
       bsonType: "int",
       minimum: 1,       
       description: "'runtime' must be a positive integer and is required"
    },
    plot: {
       bsonType: "string",
       description: "'plot' must be a string and is required"
    },
    cast: {
        bsonType: "array",
        description: "'cast' is an array of strings"
    }
 }
}

生成的C#实体类：

using MongoDB.Bson;
using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes;

[BsonIgnoreExtraElements] 
public class Movie {

    [BsonId]
    [BsonRepresentation(BsonType.ObjectId)]
    public string Id { get; set; }

    [BsonElement("title")]
    public string Title { get; set; } = null!;

    [BsonElement("year")]
    public int Year { get; set; }

    [BsonElement("runtime")]
    public int Runtime { get; set; }

    [BsonElement("plot")]
    [BsonIgnoreIfNull]
    public string Plot { get; set; } = null!;

    [BsonElement("cast")]
    [BsonIgnoreIfNull] 
    public List<string> Cast { get; set; } = null!;
}

关键说明：

引入MongoDB.Bson和MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes命名空间，这是MongoDB .NET驱动的核心依赖
[BsonIgnoreExtraElements]特性用于忽略文档中存在但实体类未定义的字段，避免序列化/反序列化报错
[BsonId]和[BsonRepresentation(BsonType.ObjectId)]用于映射MongoDB的默认主键_id，允许用字符串类型存储ObjectId
[BsonElement("字段名")]明确指定实体类属性与MongoDB文档字段的映射关系
对于必填字段，使用= null!消除可空引用类型的警告（可根据项目配置调整）
数组类型cast对应C#的List<string>，[BsonIgnoreIfNull]用于处理空数组场景