Python中tempfile库删除临时目录时抛出错误求助

使用tempfile.TemporaryDirectory创建临时目录，复制文件后上传至Google Drive，上传完成执行quit()，但退出with代码块时临时目录无法自动删除，抛出PermissionError等错误，其余功能正常。

原代码 #

with TemporaryDirectory(dir='.', prefix="pyGDriveUpload_temp_") as tempDir:
    tempDir = tempDir + '\\'
    for copyFile in selectedFiles:
        createdTime = os.path.getctime(copyFile)
        fileName = os.path.basename(copyFile)
        shutil.copy2(copyFile, tempDir + (fileName))
        setctime(tempDir + fileName, createdTime)
    uploadList = os.listdir(tempDir)
    # Upload
    uploadCount = len(uploadList)
    progress = 1
    print("\nUploading " + "0" + "/" + str(uploadCount), end='\r')
    for uploadFile in uploadList:
        getTime = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getctime(tempDir + uploadFile))
        ctime = getTime.isoformat('T') + 'Z'
        if FolderHasBeenProvidedByUser:
            gfile = drive.CreateFile({'parents': [{'id': gFolderID}], 'title': uploadFile, 'createdDate': ctime, 'modifiedDate': ctime})
        elif not FolderHasBeenProvidedByUser:
            gfile = drive.CreateFile({'title': uploadFile, 'createdDate': ctime, 'modifiedDate': ctime})
        # Read file and set it as the content of this instance.
        gfile.SetContentFile(os.path.abspath(tempDir) + '\\' + uploadFile)
        gfile.Upload() # Upload the file.
        print("Uploading " + str(progress) + "/" + str(uploadCount), end='\r')
        progress += 1
    print("Files Successfully Uploaded! Closing...", end='')
    winsound.PlaySound("C:\Windows\Media\Windows Balloon.wav", winsound.SND_ALIAS)
    sleep(1.5)
quit()

报错回溯 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 617, in _rmtree_unsafe
    os.unlink(fullname)
PermissionError: [WinError 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: '.\\pyGDriveUpload_temp_rhz30vlz\\video.mkv'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 843, in onerror
    _os.unlink(path)
PermissionError: [WinError 32] The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process: '.\\pyGDriveUpload_temp_rhz30vlz\\video.mkv'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\Documents\My Better Scripting\programs\final\Google Drive Uploader\pythonGDriveUpload.py", line 72, in <module>
    with TemporaryDirectory(dir='.', prefix="pyGDriveUpload_temp_") as tempDir:
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 869, in __exit__
    self.cleanup()
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 873, in cleanup
    self._rmtree(self.name, ignore_errors=self._ignore_cleanup_errors)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 855, in _rmtree
    _shutil.rmtree(name, onerror=onerror)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 749, in rmtree
    return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 619, in _rmtree_unsafe
    onerror(os.unlink, fullname, sys.exc_info())
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 846, in onerror
    cls._rmtree(path, ignore_errors=ignore_errors)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\tempfile.py", line 855, in _rmtree
    _shutil.rmtree(name, onerror=onerror)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 749, in rmtree
    return _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror)
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 600, in _rmtree_unsafe
    onerror(os.scandir, path, sys.exc_info())
  File "C:\Users\mjc01\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\shutil.py", line 597, in _rmtree_unsafe
    with os.scandir(path) as scandir_it:
NotADirectoryError: [WinError 267] The directory name is invalid: '.\\pyGDriveUpload_temp_rhz30vlz\\video.mkv'

解决方案 #

• 禁止修改tempDir原变量：TemporaryDirectory返回的路径对象被tempDir = tempDir + '\\'修改后，清理逻辑会使用错误的路径。改用os.path.join拼接文件路径，避免手动修改原变量。
• 释放Google Drive文件句柄：上传完成后调用gfile.Close()，确保Windows系统下文件不再被占用。
• 调整quit()执行时机：将quit()放在with代码块外部，保证临时目录先完成清理再退出程序。

修改后的代码 #

import os
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
import shutil
import datetime
import winsound
from time import sleep

with TemporaryDirectory(dir='.', prefix="pyGDriveUpload_temp_") as tempDir:
    for copyFile in selectedFiles:
        createdTime = os.path.getctime(copyFile)
        fileName = os.path.basename(copyFile)
        dest_path = os.path.join(tempDir, fileName)
        shutil.copy2(copyFile, dest_path)
        setctime(dest_path, createdTime)
    
    uploadList = os.listdir(tempDir)
    uploadCount = len(uploadList)
    progress = 1
    print(f"\nUploading 0/{uploadCount}", end='\r')
    
    for uploadFile in uploadList:
        file_path = os.path.join(tempDir, uploadFile)
        getTime = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getctime(file_path))
        ctime = getTime.isoformat('T') + 'Z'
        
        if FolderHasBeenProvidedByUser:
            gfile = drive.CreateFile({'parents': [{'id': gFolderID}], 'title': uploadFile, 'createdDate': ctime, 'modifiedDate': ctime})
        else:
            gfile = drive.CreateFile({'title': uploadFile, 'createdDate': ctime, 'modifiedDate': ctime})
        
        gfile.SetContentFile(file_path)
        gfile.Upload()
        gfile.Close()  # 释放文件句柄
        
        print(f"Uploading {progress}/{uploadCount}", end='\r')
        progress += 1
    
    print("Files Successfully Uploaded! Closing...", end='')
    winsound.PlaySound("C:\\Windows\\Media\\Windows Balloon.wav", winsound.SND_ALIAS)
    sleep(1.5)

quit()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Michael Cann