安装并导入OpenAI库时遭遇urllib3与SSL版本兼容问题

问题详情 #

执行pip install openai安装库后，运行import openai时触发导入错误，核心提示为：urllib3 v2.0仅支持OpenSSL 1.1.1+，但当前ssl模块基于LibreSSL 2.8.3编译。尝试升级urllib3后显示已是最新版本2.0.2，问题仍存在。

报错信息 #

Python 3.9.6 (default, Mar 10 2023, 20:16:38)
[Clang 14.0.3 (clang-1403.0.22.14.1)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import openai

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/yule/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/openai/__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
    from openai.api_resources import (
  File "/Users/mic/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/openai/api_resources/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from openai.api_resources.audio import Audio  # noqa: F401
  File "/Users/mic/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/openai/api_resources/audio.py", line 4, in <module>
    from openai import api_requestor, util
  File "/Users/mic/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/openai/api_requestor.py", line 22, in <module>
    import requests
  File "/Users/mic/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 43, in <module>
    import urllib3
  File "/Users/mic/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py", line 38, in <module>
    raise ImportError(
ImportError: urllib3 v2.0 only supports OpenSSL 1.1.1+, currently the 'ssl' module is compiled with LibreSSL 2.8.3. See: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2168

升级命令输出 #

pip3 install --upgrade urllib3
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3 in ./Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages (2.0.2)

解决方案 #

1. 降级urllib3到兼容版本 #

urllib3 v2.0对SSL库版本要求较高，而macOS自带Python 3.9使用的LibreSSL 2.8.3不满足要求，因此需要安装v1.x系列的兼容版本：

pip3 install urllib3==1.26.15

（注：1.26.15是urllib3 v1.x分支的稳定兼容版本，也可选择最新的v1.x版本）

2. 验证版本 #

执行以下命令确认urllib3已降级：

pip3 show urllib3

输出中Version字段应显示为1.x系列版本。

3. 重新测试 #

启动Python交互环境，再次执行import openai，确认错误不再出现。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者maimai