使用Composer升级Magento 2.4.3至2.4.6遇插件找不到错误求助

问题详情 #

按照Magento 2官方升级指南执行composer require magento/composer-root-update-plugin ~2.0 --no-update后，运行composer update触发如下错误：

Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - Root composer.json requires magento/composer-root-update-plugin, it could not be found in any version, there may be a typo in the package name.

Potential causes:
 - A typo in the package name
 - The package is not available in a stable-enough version according to your minimum-stability setting
   see <https://getcomposer.org/doc/04-schema.md#minimum-stability> for more details.
 - It's a private package and you forgot to add a custom repository to find it

Read <https://getcomposer.org/doc/articles/troubleshooting.md> for further common problems.

当前环境 #

• Composer版本：2.5.5
• PHP版本：7.4.33
• 系统：Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS

项目composer.json关键片段 #

{
"name": "magento/magento2ce",
"description": "Magento 2 (Open Source)",
"type": "project",
"license": [
    "OSL-3.0",
    "AFL-3.0"
],
"config": {
    "preferred-install": "dist",
    "sort-packages": true,
    "allow-plugins": {
        "laminas/laminas-dependency-plugin": true,
        "dealerdirect/phpcodesniffer-composer-installer": true,
        "magento/magento-composer-installer": true
    }
},
"version": "2.4.3",
"require": {
    "php": "~7.3.0||~7.4.0",
    [...]
    "magento/composer": "1.6.0",
    "magento/composer-root-update-plugin": "~2.0",
    "magento/magento-composer-installer": ">=0.1.11",
    "magento/zendframework1": "~1.14.2",
    [...]
},
"require-dev": {
    [...]
    "magento/magento-coding-standard": "*",
    "magento/magento2-functional-testing-framework": "^3.0",
    [...]
}
}

解决步骤 #

1. 检查并添加Magento官方仓库 #

magento/composer-root-update-plugin托管在Magento官方私有仓库，需确保项目composer.json包含该仓库配置：
在composer.json中添加或确认repositories节点：

"repositories": [
    {
        "type": "composer",
        "url": "https://repo.magento.com/"
    }
]

同时需确保已将Magento Marketplace的认证信息添加到auth.json（项目根目录或~/.composer/auth.json），认证信息可从Magento后台获取。

2. 修正插件安装方式 #

该插件是升级工具，无需添加到项目的require节点，正确用法是全局安装或直接通过插件命令执行升级：

• 全局安装插件：

  composer global require magento/composer-root-update-plugin ~2.0
  

• 直接使用插件执行升级（无需提前添加到项目依赖）：

  composer require-commerce magento/product-community-edition 目标版本 --no-update
  

  替换目标版本为你要升级到的版本（如2.4.6）。

3. 验证包名拼写 #

确认magento/composer-root-update-plugin拼写完全正确，无大小写或字符错误。

4. 清理Composer缓存 #

清理缓存后重新尝试更新：

composer clear-cache
composer update

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Gabbodrummer