YOLOv8无法识别config.yaml文件，训练提示文件不存在

问题描述 #

我在尝试为YOLOv8创建自定义数据集并训练，使用的Python脚本如下：

from ultralytics import YOLO
model = YOLO("yolov8n.yaml")

results = model.train(data="config.yaml", epochs=1)

但持续遇到错误，无论config.yaml是否存在，错误信息始终是FileNotFoundError: 'config.yaml' does not exist，即使把文件放在脚本同目录、使用绝对路径也无法解决。完整错误堆栈如下：

Ultralytics YOLOv8.0.92  Python-3.10.11 torch-2.0.0+cpu CPU
yolo\engine\trainer: task=detect, mode=train, model=yolov8n.yaml, data=config.yaml, epochs=1, patience=50, batch=16, imgsz=640, save=True, save_period=-1, cache=False, device=None, workers=8, project=None, name=None, exist_ok=False, pretrained=False, optimizer=SGD, verbose=True, seed=0, deterministic=True, single_cls=False, rect=False, cos_lr=False, close_mosaic=0, resume=False, amp=True, overlap_mask=True, mask_ratio=4, dropout=0.0, val=True, split=val, save_json=False, save_hybrid=False, conf=None, iou=0.7, max_det=300, half=False, dnn=False, plots=True, source=None, show=False, save_txt=False, save_conf=False, save_crop=False, show_labels=True, show_conf=True, vid_stride=1, line_thickness=3, visualize=False, augment=False, agnostic_nms=False, classes=None, retina_masks=False, boxes=True, format=torchscript, keras=False, optimize=False, int8=False, dynamic=False, simplify=False, opset=None, workspace=4, nms=False, lr0=0.01, lrf=0.01, momentum=0.937, weight_decay=0.0005, warmup_epochs=3.0, warmup_momentum=0.8, warmup_bias_lr=0.1, box=7.5, cls=0.5, dfl=1.5, pose=12.0, kobj=1.0, label_smoothing=0.0, nbs=64, hsv_h=0.015, hsv_s=0.7, hsv_v=0.4, degrees=0.0, translate=0.1, scale=0.5, shear=0.0, perspective=0.0, flipud=0.0, fliplr=0.5, mosaic=1.0, mixup=0.0, copy_paste=0.0, cfg=None, v5loader=False, tracker=botsort.yaml, save_dir=runs\detect\train23
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\harri\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\ultralytics\yolo\engine\trainer.py", line 122, in __init__
    self.data = check_det_dataset(self.args.data)
  File "C:\Users\harri\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\ultralytics\yolo\data\utils.py", line 195, in check_det_dataset
    data = check_file(dataset)
  File "C:\Users\harri\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\ultralytics\yolo\utils\checks.py", line 292, in check_file
    raise FileNotFoundError(f"'{file}' does not exist")
FileNotFoundError: 'config.yaml' does not exist

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\harri\Documents\pythonAlgorithms\data\main.py", line 4, in <module>
    results = model.train(data="config.yaml", epochs=1)
  File "C:\Users\harri\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\ultralytics\yolo\engine\model.py", line 365, in train
    self.trainer = TASK_MAP[self.task][1](overrides=overrides, _callbacks=self.callbacks)
  File "C:\Users\harri\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\ultralytics\yolo\engine\trainer.py", line 126, in __init__
    raise RuntimeError(emojis(f"Dataset '{clean_url(self.args.data)}' error ❌ {e}")) from e
RuntimeError: Dataset 'config.yaml' error  'config.yaml' does not exist

解决方法 #

• 确认脚本工作目录
  脚本运行时的工作目录可能和脚本所在目录不一致。在脚本开头添加代码打印当前工作目录：

  import os
  print(os.getcwd())
  

  若不一致，可切换工作目录到脚本所在路径：

  os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
  

• 使用绝对路径
  直接传入config.yaml的绝对路径，注意Windows路径前加r避免转义问题：

  results = model.train(data=r"C:\Users\harri\Documents\pythonAlgorithms\data\config.yaml", epochs=1)
  

• 检查文件本身

  • 确认文件名无拼写错误，包括大小写（Windows下虽不区分大小写，但部分工具可能识别异常）。
  • 检查文件是否被其他程序锁定，或Python进程是否有读取权限。
  • 关闭Windows"隐藏已知文件扩展名"选项，避免文件实际后缀为.yaml.txt。

• 更新Ultralytics库
  当前使用的v8.0.92可能存在路径解析bug，升级到最新版本：

  pip install --upgrade ultralytics
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Harrison K.M