React Native项目构建失败求助：依赖与资源合并报错

我负责的React Native项目2023年1月可正常构建，如今执行构建时失败，先后出现两类错误：

初始版本配置 #

ext {
        buildToolsVersion = "31.0.0"
        minSdkVersion = 21
        compileSdkVersion = 31
        targetSdkVersion = 31
        ndkVersion = "21.4.7075529"
        playServicesVersion = "17.0.0" // or find latest version
        androidMapsUtilsVersion = "2.2.4"
        kotlin_version = "1.6.0"
    }

错误1 #

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:checkDebugAarMetadata'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckAarMetadataWorkAction
   > The minCompileSdk (33) specified in a
     dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
     is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
     Dependency: androidx.appcompat:appcompat-resources:1.6.1.
     AAR metadata file: /home/xyz/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/d7be3d1450d870047b15ae8f44694206/transformed/jetified-appcompat-resources-1.6.1/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

将compileSdkVersion升级至33后，出现以下错误：

升级后版本配置 #

buildToolsVersion = "31.0.0"
minSdkVersion = 21
compileSdkVersion = 33
targetSdkVersion = 33
ndkVersion = "21.4.7075529"
playServicesVersion = "17.0.0" // or find latest version
androidMapsUtilsVersion = "2.2.4"
kotlin_version = "1.6.0"

错误2 #

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:mergeDebugResources'.
> /home/xyz/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/1ab3f973c5a5d473246b969002b3ea52/transformed/material-1.8.0/res/values/values.xml: Error: Can't determine type for tag '<macro name="m3_comp_assist_chip_container_shape">?attr/shapeAppearanceCornerSmall</macro>'

我尝试过修改版本、调整Gradle版本、添加第三方库等多种解决方案，但均无效。以下是项目相关配置文件：

Android/build.gradle #

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {
    ext {
        buildToolsVersion = "33.0.2"
        minSdkVersion = 21
        compileSdkVersion = 33
        targetSdkVersion = 33
        ndkVersion = "21.4.7075529"
        playServicesVersion = "17.0.0" // or find latest version
        androidMapsUtilsVersion = "2.2.4"
        kotlin_version = "1.6.0"
    }
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.2.2")        
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.10'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        exclusiveContent {
           // We get React Native's Android binaries exclusively through npm,
           // from a local Maven repo inside node_modules/react-native/.
           // (The use of exclusiveContent prevents looking elsewhere like Maven Central
           // and potentially getting a wrong version.)
           filter {
               includeGroup "com.facebook.react"
           }
           forRepository {
               maven {
                   url "$rootDir/../node_modules/react-native/android"
               }
           }
       }
        mavenCentral()
        mavenLocal()
        maven {
            // All of React Native (JS, Obj-C sources, Android binaries) is installed from npm
            url("$rootDir/../node_modules/react-native/android")
        }
        maven {
            // Android JSC is installed from npm
            url("$rootDir/../node_modules/jsc-android/dist")
        }

        google()
        maven { url 'https://www.jitpack.io' }
    }
}

gradle-wrapper.properties #

distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-6.9-all.zip
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

有效修复方案 #

1. 升级Gradle插件与Gradle版本 #

旧版Gradle插件（4.2.2）不支持Android 13（API 33）引入的<macro>资源语法，必须升级：

• 修改Android/build.gradle中com.android.tools.build:gradle版本为7.4.2：

  classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2")
  

• 修改gradle-wrapper.properties中的distributionUrl为对应版本的Gradle：

  distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.5-all.zip
  

2. 升级Kotlin版本 #

Gradle插件7.x需要Kotlin版本≥1.7.x，修改Android/build.gradle中的kotlin_version：

kotlin_version = "1.7.20"

3. （可选）锁定Material库版本 #

若升级后仍有冲突，可强制使用兼容的Material版本，在app/build.gradle中添加：

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {
        force 'com.google.android.material:material:1.7.0'
    }
}

4. 清理缓存并重新构建 #

执行以下命令清除旧缓存：

./gradlew clean
rm -rf ~/.gradle/caches
npm run android

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bilal Yaqoob