Mac下通过Pyenv安装Python 3.9.16失败求助

错误信息： #

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/runpy.py", line 197, in _run_module_as_main
return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/ensurepip/__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
sys.exit(ensurepip._main())
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 211, in _main
return _bootstrap(
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 130, in _bootstrap
return _run_pip(args + [p[0] for p in _PROJECTS], additional_paths)
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 39, in _run_pip
return subprocess.run(cmd, check=True).returncode
File "/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/Lib/subprocess.py", line 528, in run
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args,
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/private/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/python-build.20230508142345.28952/Python-3.9.16/python.exe', '-c', '\nimport runpy\nimport sys\nsys.path = [\'/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/tmp45llfbar/setuptools-58.1.0-py3-none-any.whl\', \'/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/tmp45llfbar/pip-22.0.4-py3-none-any.whl\'] + sys.path\nsys.argv[1:] = [\'install\', \'--no-cache-dir\', \'--no-index\', \'--find-links\', \'/var/folders/yv/mbl800td04xb4pd9hctdshd00000gn/T/tmp45llfbar\', \'--root\', \'/\', \'--upgrade\', \'setuptools\', \'pip\']\nrunpy.run_module(&quot;pip&quot;, run_name=&quot;__main__&quot;, alter_sys=True)\n']' died with <Signals.SIGABRT: 6>.
make: *** [install] Error 1

解决方案： #

该错误是Python安装流程中内置的ensurepip工具在部署pip/setuptools时触发SIGABRT信号导致的，常见于macOS系统，可通过以下方式解决：

• 更新pyenv及python-build组件，确保使用最新安装脚本：

pyenv update

• 安装Python编译所需的系统依赖（以Homebrew为例）：

brew install openssl readline sqlite3 xz zlib

• 跳过内置ensurepip流程，手动安装pip：

  1. 安装Python时添加跳过参数：

  PYTHON_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--without-ensurepip" pyenv install 3.9.16
  

  2. 切换至刚安装的版本，手动安装pip：

  pyenv global 3.9.16
  curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python
  

• 备选方案：指定编译时的头文件与库路径，确保Python编译完整：

CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(brew --prefix zlib)/include -I$(brew --prefix sqlite3)/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix sqlite3)/lib" pyenv install 3.9.16

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alberto Sanmartin Martinez