Next.js 13.3中使用Mongoose插入MongoDB记录报错求助

问题说明 #

在Next.js 13.3项目中，使用Mongoose定义的User Schema向MongoDB保存记录时触发两个问题：

• 编译报错：Module not found: Can't resolve 'mongodb-client-encryption'
• POST请求返回500内部服务器错误

同时需要确认Mongoose、MongoDB Client与Next.js 13.3的兼容性。

报错信息 #

Module not found: Can't resolve 'mongodb-client-encryption' in 'J:\react-projecte\find\node_modules\mongoose\node_modules\mongodb\lib'
POST http://localhost:3000/api/generate 500 (Internal Server Error)

项目代码片段 #

app/models/User/page.tsx #

import { Schema, model, models } from "mongoose";

const userSchema = new Schema({
  name: String,
  email: {
    type: String,
    required: true,
    unique: true,
  },
});

const User = models.User || model("User", userSchema);

export default User;

app/api/generate/route.ts #

export async function POST(request:Request )
{
  const client = await clientPromise;
  const db = client.db("generate");

  console.log('CREATING DOCUMENT');
  db.collection("singleUser").insertOne( await new User({name:"Benij",email:"max.mustermann@gmx.de"}))
  console.log('CREATING DONE');
}

next.config.js #

/** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */
const nextConfig = {
  webpack: (config) => {
    // this will override the experiments
    config.experiments = { ...config.experiments, topLevelAwait: true };
    // this will just update topLevelAwait property of config.experiments
    // config.experiments.topLevelAwait = true
    return config;
  },
  reactStrictMode: true,
  images: {
    remotePatterns: [
      {
        protocol: "https",
        hostname: "replicate.com",
      },
      {
        protocol: "https",
        hostname: "replicate.delivery",
      },
    ],
  },
  experimental: {
    appDir: true,
  },
};

module.exports = nextConfig;

/lib/mongodb.ts #

import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";

if (!process.env.MONGODB_URI) {
  throw new Error('Invalid/Missing environment variable: "MONGODB_URI"');
}

const uri = process.env.MONGODB_URI;
const options = {};

let client;
let clientPromise: Promise<MongoClient>;

if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "development") {
  if (!global._mongoClientPromise ) {
    client = new MongoClient(uri, options);
    global._mongoClientPromise = client.connect();
  }
  clientPromise = global._mongoClientPromise;
} 
else {
  client = new MongoClient(uri, options);
  clientPromise = client.connect();
}

export default clientPromise;

解决方案 #

1. 兼容性确认 #

Mongoose、MongoDB Client与Next.js 13.3完全兼容，报错属于依赖缺失或代码逻辑混用问题，并非框架不兼容。

2. 解决mongodb-client-encryption缺失问题 #

执行以下命令安装缺失的依赖包：

npm install mongodb-client-encryption
# 或使用yarn
yarn add mongodb-client-encryption

若安装后仍报错，建议检查Mongoose与MongoDB的版本兼容性（例如Mongoose 7.x需搭配MongoDB 5.x+），可在package.json中锁定兼容版本。

3. 修正代码逻辑错误 #

当前API路由同时混用了原生MongoDB Client和Mongoose模型，导致逻辑混乱，需统一使用一种操作方式：

方式一：使用Mongoose模型保存

• 首先修改模型文件路径：将app/models/User/page.tsx重命名为app/models/User.ts（避免与Next.js路由组件冲突）
• 调整API路由代码：

import connectDB from '@/lib/mongoose';
import User from '@/app/models/User';

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  try {
    // 建立Mongoose连接
    await connectDB();
    
    console.log('CREATING DOCUMENT');
    const newUser = await User.create({ name: "Benij", email: "max.mustermann@gmx.de" });
    console.log('CREATING DONE');
    
    return new Response(JSON.stringify(newUser), { status: 201 });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('创建用户失败:', error);
    return new Response(JSON.stringify({ error: '创建用户失败' }), { status: 500 });
  }
}

• 新增Mongoose连接文件/lib/mongoose.ts：

import mongoose from 'mongoose';

const connectDB = async () => {
  // 若已连接则直接返回
  if (mongoose.connection.readyState === 1) {
    return mongoose.connection.asPromise();
  }
  // 建立新连接
  return await mongoose.connect(process.env.MONGODB_URI!);
};

export default connectDB;

方式二：使用原生MongoDB Client保存（无需Mongoose）

直接用原生Client插入文档，不需要依赖Mongoose模型：

import clientPromise from '@/lib/mongodb';

export async function POST(request: Request) {
  try {
    const client = await clientPromise;
    const db = client.db("generate");
    
    console.log('CREATING DOCUMENT');
    const result = await db.collection("singleUser").insertOne({ name: "Benij", email: "max.mustermann@gmx.de" });
    console.log('CREATING DONE');
    
    return new Response(JSON.stringify(result), { status: 201 });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('创建文档失败:', error);
    return new Response(JSON.stringify({ error: '创建文档失败' }), { status: 500 });
  }
}

4. 其他注意事项 #

• 确保process.env.MONGODB_URI环境变量已正确配置在.env.local文件中
• API路由需返回合法的Response对象，避免因未返回响应导致的500错误

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Captai-N