ARM64 Ubuntu 22.04编译ffmpeg-sys-next v6.0.1时libavdevice缺失求助

环境与问题背景 #

• 系统：ARM64架构Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
• 开发场景：基于ffmpeg-next包（底层为Rust版FFmpeg）开发MP4与GIF互转程序，通过解码、编码数据包实现格式转换
• 错误触发：执行cargo build时，ffmpeg-sys-next v6.0.1的自定义构建脚本执行失败，核心错误为pkg-config无法找到libavdevice库

错误日志 #

error: failed to run custom build command for `ffmpeg-sys-next v6.0.1`

Caused by:
  process didn't exit successfully: `/home/parallels/Downloads/file-conversion-rs/target/debug/build/ffmpeg-sys-next-1aa9b27d2be5c242/build-script-build` (exit status: 101)
  --- stdout
  cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=LIBAVUTIL_NO_PKG_CONFIG
  cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=PKG_CONFIG_aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
  # 省略重复的stdout内容
  cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR

  --- stderr
  thread 'main' panicked at 'called `Result::unwrap()` on an `Err` value: `PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_CFLAGS="1" PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_LIBS="1" "pkg-config" "--libs" "--cflags" "libavdevice"` did not exit successfully: exit status: 1
  error: could not find system library 'libavdevice' required by the 'ffmpeg-sys-next' crate

  --- stderr
  Package libavdevice was not found in the pkg-config search path.
  Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libavdevice.pc'
  to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
  No package 'libavdevice' found
  ', /home/parallels/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/ffmpeg-sys-next-6.0.1/build.rs:733:22
  note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace

已尝试的操作 #

• 执行sudo apt install libavdevice安装失败
• 直接安装ffmpeg包
• 参考GitHub同类问题解决方案，仍无法完成编译

解决方案 #

1. 安装libavdevice开发包 #

Ubuntu官方仓库中，libavdevice的开发包（包含pkg-config所需的.pc文件）名为libavdevice-dev，执行以下命令安装：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libavdevice-dev

2. 验证库是否被pkg-config识别 #

安装完成后，执行以下命令验证：

pkg-config --libs --cflags libavdevice

若输出包含-lavdevice等链接参数，则说明库已被正确识别。

3. 重新编译项目 #

回到项目目录，重新执行编译命令：

cargo build

备选方案：禁用不必要的FFmpeg组件 #

如果你的MP4/GIF互转功能不需要avdevice模块，可以修改Cargo.toml，仅启用所需的FFmpeg组件，避免依赖未安装的库：

[dependencies]
ffmpeg-next = { version = "6.0.1", default-features = false, features = ["avutil", "avformat", "avcodec", "swscale", "swresample"] }

根据实际功能需求调整features列表，确保只包含必需的组件。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mox