剪贴板中的.xlsx文件不在FileDropList，如何从DataObject获取路径？

当剪贴板中的.xlsx文件未被ContainsFileDropList()识别时，可通过以下步骤获取文件路径：

1. 先排查剪贴板支持的所有格式 #

在代码的Else块中添加遍历逻辑，输出DataObject包含的所有格式，确认可用的文件相关格式：

Dim data = Clipboard.GetDataObject()
' 遍历并输出所有剪贴板格式
For Each format As String In data.GetFormats()
    Debug.WriteLine($"剪贴板格式: {format}")
Next

运行后查看调试窗口，你可能会看到FileNameW（Unicode文件名）、FileDrop或Shell IDList Array等文件相关格式。

2. 根据格式提取文件路径 #

根据调试输出的格式，选择对应方式提取路径：

情况1：存在FileNameW或FileName格式 #

直接通过GetData获取并转换为字符串：

If data.GetDataPresent("FileNameW") Then
    Dim filePath As String = DirectCast(data.GetData("FileNameW"), String)
    Debug.WriteLine($"文件路径: {filePath}")
ElseIf data.GetDataPresent("FileName") Then
    Dim filePath As String = DirectCast(data.GetData("FileName"), String)
    Debug.WriteLine($"文件路径: {filePath}")
End If

情况2：存在FileDrop格式但ContainsFileDropList()未识别 #

部分场景下ContainsFileDropList()会误判，但实际FileDrop格式存在，可直接尝试获取：

If data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop) Then
    Dim files As String() = DirectCast(data.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop), String())
    If files IsNot Nothing AndAlso files.Length > 0 Then
        Debug.WriteLine($"文件路径: {files(0)}")
    End If
End If

情况3：存在Shell IDList Array格式 #

从资源管理器复制文件时常会出现该格式，需通过Windows API解析：

' 先在类中声明API函数
<DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode)>
Private Shared Function SHGetPathFromIDList(ByVal pidl As IntPtr, ByVal pszPath As StringBuilder) As Boolean
End Function

<DllImport("shell32.dll")>
Private Shared Function ILFree(ByVal pidl As IntPtr) As IntPtr
End Function

' 提取路径逻辑
If data.GetDataPresent("Shell IDList Array") Then
    Dim pidl As IntPtr = DirectCast(data.GetData("Shell IDList Array"), IntPtr)
    If pidl <> IntPtr.Zero Then
        Dim sb As New StringBuilder(260)
        If SHGetPathFromIDList(pidl, sb) Then
            Debug.WriteLine($"文件路径: {sb.ToString()}")
        End If
        ILFree(pidl)
    End If
End If

修改后的完整代码 #

Private Sub btnImport_Click(sender As Object, e As RoutedEventArgs) Handles btnImport.Click
    Try
        Debug.WriteLine(".....")

        If Clipboard.ContainsFileDropList() Then
            Dim filesArray = Clipboard.GetFileDropList()
            Debug.WriteLine(String.Join(", ", filesArray.Cast(Of String)))
        ElseIf Clipboard.ContainsText() Then
            Dim fileName = Clipboard.GetText()
            Debug.WriteLine(fileName)
        ElseIf Clipboard.ContainsImage() Then
            Debug.WriteLine("Image")
        Else
            Dim data = Clipboard.GetDataObject()
            ' 输出所有剪贴板格式
            For Each format As String In data.GetFormats()
                Debug.WriteLine($"剪贴板格式: {format}")
            Next

            ' 从FileNameW提取路径
            If data.GetDataPresent("FileNameW") Then
                Dim filePath As String = DirectCast(data.GetData("FileNameW"), String)
                Debug.WriteLine($"从FileNameW获取的路径: {filePath}")
            End If

            ' 从FileDrop提取路径
            If data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop) Then
                Dim files As String() = DirectCast(data.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop), String())
                If files IsNot Nothing AndAlso files.Length > 0 Then
                    Debug.WriteLine($"从FileDrop获取的路径: {files(0)}")
                End If
            End If

            ' 从Shell IDList Array提取路径
            If data.GetDataPresent("Shell IDList Array") Then
                Dim pidl As IntPtr = DirectCast(data.GetData("Shell IDList Array"), IntPtr)
                If pidl <> IntPtr.Zero Then
                    Dim sb As New StringBuilder(260)
                    If SHGetPathFromIDList(pidl, sb) Then
                        Debug.WriteLine($"从Shell IDList获取的路径: {sb.ToString()}")
                    End If
                    ILFree(pidl)
                End If
            End If
        End If

    Catch ex As Exception
        Exceptions.LogAndShow(ex)
    End Try
End Sub

' API函数声明
<DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode)>
Private Shared Function SHGetPathFromIDList(ByVal pidl As IntPtr, ByVal pszPath As StringBuilder) As Boolean
End Function

<DllImport("shell32.dll")>
Private Shared Function ILFree(ByVal pidl As IntPtr) As IntPtr
End Function

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jim