Android Kotlin应用中Google Map无法加载问题求助

开发安卓Kotlin应用时遇到Google Map无法加载的问题，已完成以下配置，且已启用Maps SDK for Android，但地图始终无法显示，请求排查原因。

依赖配置 #

// Google Maps Location Services
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:21.0.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:18.1.0'

// KTX for the Maps SDK for Android
implementation 'com.google.maps.android:maps-ktx:3.4.0'

// (Optional) KTX for the Maps SDK for Android Utility Library
implementation 'com.google.maps.android:maps-utils-ktx:3.4.0'

Manifest文件配置 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>

    <application
        android:name=".RunTrackerApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
        android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.RunTracker"
        tools:targetApi="31">

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY"
            android:value="${MAPS_API_KEY}" />

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
            android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />

        <activity
            android:name=".ui.MainActivity"
            android:launchMode="singleInstance"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>

</manifest>

Fragment布局XML #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ui.tracking.TrackingFragment">

    <com.google.android.gms.maps.MapView
        android:id="@+id/mapView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/tracking_map_view"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/clInnerLayout"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    ...

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Fragment中的Kotlin代码 #

@AndroidEntryPoint
class TrackingFragment : Fragment(), OnMapReadyCallback {

    private var _binding: FragmentTrackingBinding? = null

    // This property is only valid between onCreateView and
    // onDestroyView.
    private val binding get() = _binding!!

    private val trackingViewModel: TrackingViewModel by viewModels()

    // Init Map
    private lateinit var mapView: GoogleMap

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View {

        _binding = FragmentTrackingBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false)
        val root: View = binding.root

        return root
    }

    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
        binding.mapView.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        lifecycleScope.launch {
            mapView = binding.mapView.awaitMap()
        }
    }

    override fun onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView()
        _binding = null
    }

    override fun onMapReady(googleMap: GoogleMap) {
        if (isServiceOK()){
            googleMap.addMarker(
                MarkerOptions()
                    .position(LatLng(0.0, 0.0))
                    .title("Marker")
            )
        }
    }

    private fun isServiceOK(): Boolean {
        val result =  GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance().isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(requireContext())

        if (result == ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
            return true
        } else if(GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance().isUserResolvableError(result)){
            val dialog = GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance()
                .getErrorDialog(this, ConnectionResult.SERVICE_MISSING, 1012)

            dialog?.show()
        }

        return false
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arshad Ali