Laravel REST API：如何将数据库列名映射为参数别名？

我有一个名为location_relationship_id的数据库列，它与Location模型存在关联关系。目前在Postman中，使用http://localhost/api/v1/traffic-violations?location_relationship_id=25这个参数可以正常查询，返回的JSON数据中该字段已正确映射为location而非原列名。我希望将请求URL改为http://localhost/api/v1/traffic-violations?location=Al-Morooj，但这么做会出现“列不存在”的错误。我正在使用itsrennyman/laravel-rest-filters包处理数据，以下是我的控制器和Resource类代码：

控制器代码 #

/**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        $violations = TrafficViolation::withRestFilters();
        return new TrafficViolationCollection($violations->paginate());
    }

    /**
     * Display a specified resource
     * @param \App\Models\TrafficViolation $violation
     * @return Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function show($id)
    {
        return new TrafficViolationResource(TrafficViolation::findOrFail($id));
    }

Resource类代码 #

class TrafficViolationResource extends JsonResource
{
    // Define the mapping configuration for each field
    private const MAPPING = [
        'location_relationship_id' => ['key' => 'location', 'method' => 'mapLocationField'],
        'violation_type_relationship_id' => ['key' => 'violationType', 'method' => 'mapViolationTypeField'],
        'working_shift_relationship_id' => ['key' => 'workingShift', 'method' => 'mapWorkingShiftField']
    ];

    public function toArray($request)
    {
        return $this->transformData(parent::toArray($request));
    }

    /**
     * Transform the data by excluding specified fields and mapping the remaining fields.
     *
     */
    private function transformData(array $data): array
    {
        return collect($data)
            ->except('created_at', 'updated_at')
            ->mapWithKeys(function ($value, $key) {
                // Check if the field has a mapping configuration
                if (array_key_exists($key, self::MAPPING)) {
                    $mapping = self::MAPPING[$key];
                    // Invoke the corresponding mapping method and pass the value and output key
                    return $this->{$mapping['method']}($value, $mapping['key']);
                }
                // If no mapping exists, convert the field to camel case
                return [Str::camel($key) => $value];
            })
            ->toArray();
    }

    /**
     * Map the 'location_relationship_id' field by accessing the relationship and transforming the value.
     */
    private function mapLocationField($value, $key): array
    {
        $name = $this->locationRelationship->name;
        return [$key => $name];
    }

    /**
     * Map the 'violation_type_relationship_id' field by accessing the relationship and transforming the value.
     */
    private function mapViolationTypeField($value, $key): array
    {
        $name = $this->violationTypeRelationship->name;
        return [$key => $name];
    }

    /**
     * Map the 'working_shift_relationship_id' field by accessing the relationship and transforming the value.
     */
    private function mapWorkingShiftField($value, $key): array
    {
        $name = $this->workingShiftRelationship->name;
        return [$key => $name];
    }
}

请问该如何实现这种参数名映射，或者是否无需修改当前方式？

报错原因是itsrennyman/laravel-rest-filters默认会把请求参数直接当作数据库列名处理，但location并不是traffic_violations表的字段，因此触发“列不存在”错误。要实现通过location=Al-Morooj查询，需要让包知道如何处理这个参数，有两种可行方案：

方案一：控制器内手动处理参数 #

在index方法中先拦截location参数，通过关联查询筛选数据，再移除该参数避免被rest filters错误解析：

public function index(Request $request)
{
    $query = TrafficViolation::query();

    // 处理location参数，关联查询Location模型的name字段
    if ($request->has('location')) {
        $query->whereHas('locationRelationship', function ($q) use ($request) {
            $q->where('name', $request->input('location'));
            // 如需模糊查询，可替换为：$q->where('name', 'like', "%{$request->input('location')}%");
        });
        // 移除参数，防止rest filters尝试查询不存在的列
        $request->request->remove('location');
    }

    $violations = $query->withRestFilters();
    return new TrafficViolationCollection($violations->paginate());
}

方案二：模型内定义自定义过滤规则（推荐） #

利用laravel-rest-filters的自定义过滤功能，在TrafficViolation模型中添加对应方法，让包自动识别并处理location参数：

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use ItsRennyman\LaravelRestFilters\Traits\HasRestFilters;

class TrafficViolation extends Model
{
    use HasRestFilters;

    // 自定义location参数的过滤逻辑
    public function filterLocation($value)
    {
        $this->whereHas('locationRelationship', function ($q) use ($value) {
            $q->where('name', $value);
            // 如需模糊查询，可替换为：$q->where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%");
        });
    }
}

这种方式无需修改控制器代码，withRestFilters()会自动调用filterLocation方法处理请求中的location参数，符合包的设计规范。

补充说明 #

两种方案都是通过whereHas关联查询Location模型的name字段来实现需求，区别在于参数处理的位置。如果后续还有类似的关联参数需要映射，方案二的扩展性更强，只需在模型中添加对应的filterXXX方法即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Abdulrahman Mushref