Groovy无法解析其他Groovy文件类：SAP Commerce环境异常排查

场景与代码示例 #

尝试通过编程方式创建Groovy上下文并加载多个脚本，故意打乱脚本加载顺序。本地运行正常，但在SAP Commerce（集成Spring的Tomcat环境）中执行时出现编译错误。

test/Helper.groovy #

package test

class Helper {
    static void help() {
        // Do something
    }
}

test/Test.groovy #

package test

class Test {
    static void test() {
        Helper.help()
    }
}

Java加载代码（Runner类） #

public class Runner {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        GroovyShell shell = new GroovyShell(Runner.class.getClassLoader(), new Binding(), CompilerConfiguration.DEFAULT);
        
        load(shell, "/test/Test.groovy");
        load(shell, "/test/Helper.groovy");
    }

    private static void load(GroovyShell shell, String name) throws IOException {
        try(var script = Runner.class.getResourceAsStream(name)) {
            String scriptSrc = new String(script.readAllBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            shell.parse(scriptSrc, name);
        }
    }
}

注：故意按任意顺序加载脚本

报错信息 #

Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
...
Caused by: org.codehaus.groovy.control.MultipleCompilationErrorsException: startup failed:
Test.groovy: 5: Apparent variable 'Helper' was found in a static scope but doesn't refer to a local variable, static field or class. Possible causes:
You attempted to reference a variable in the binding or an instance variable from a static context.
You misspelled a classname or statically imported field. Please check the spelling.
You attempted to use a method 'Helper' but left out brackets in a place not allowed by the grammar.

        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.ErrorCollector.failIfErrors(ErrorCollector.java:292) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit$IPrimaryClassNodeOperation.doPhaseOperation(CompilationUnit.java:979) ~[groovy-4.0.2.jar:2.5.14]
        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.processPhaseOperations(CompilationUnit.java:692) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.compile(CompilationUnit.java:666) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.doParseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:373) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.lambda$parseClass$2(GroovyClassLoader.java:316) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.memoize.StampedCommonCache.compute(StampedCommonCache.java:163) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.memoize.StampedCommonCache.getAndPut(StampedCommonCache.java:154) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.parseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:314) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parseClass(GroovyShell.java:553) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parse(GroovyShell.java:566) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parse(GroovyShell.java:620) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]
        at groovy.lang.GroovyShell.parse(GroovyShell.java:624) ~[groovy-2.5.14.jar:2.5.14]

疑问 #

环境中存在大量Groovy脚本，受应用设计限制无法调整加载顺序，未发现Tomcat启用安全管理器等相关配置，使用Groovy 2.5.14版本。请问是什么原因导致本地与SAP Commerce环境的行为差异？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SimGel