使用micropip向Pyodide安装.whl包时提示'非zip文件'错误求助

问题描述 #

我尝试在HTML文件中借助micropip将自定义.whl包导入Pyodide使用，却收到「File is not a zip file」错误提示。根据micropip官方文档，micropip.install()应该支持.whl文件，我已经用python3 -m build命令生成了.whl文件并上传至GitHub。

报错详情 #

pyodide.asm.js:14 Uncaught (in promise) PythonError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/futures.py", line 201, in result
    raise self._exception
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/tasks.py", line 234, in __step
    result = coro.throw(exc)
  File "/lib/python3.10/site-packages/micropip/_micropip.py", line 183, in install
    transaction = await self.gather_requirements(requirements, ctx, keep_going)
  File "/lib/python3.10/site-packages/micropip/_micropip.py", line 173, in gather_requirements
    await gather(*requirement_promises)
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/futures.py", line 284, in __await__
    yield self  # This tells Task to wait for completion.
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/tasks.py", line 304, in __wakeup
    future.result()
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/futures.py", line 201, in result
    raise self._exception
  File "/lib/python3.10/asyncio/tasks.py", line 232, in __step
    result = coro.send(None)
  File "/lib/python3.10/site-packages/micropip/_micropip.py", line 245, in add_requirement
    await self.add_wheel(name, wheel, version, (), ctx, transaction)
  File "/lib/python3.10/site-packages/micropip/_micropip.py", line 313, in add_wheel
    with ZipFile(io.BytesIO(wheel_bytes)) as zip_file:
  File "/lib/python3.10/zipfile.py", line 1258, in __init__
    self._RealGetContents()
  File "/lib/python3.10/zipfile.py", line 1325, in _RealGetContents
    raise BadZipFile("File is not a zip file")
zipfile.BadZipFile: File is not a zip file

代码示例 #

<!DOCTYPE html>
<p>My first Pyodide app</p>

<script type="text/javascript">
  async function main() {
    let pyodide = await loadPyodide();
    await pyodide.loadPackage("micropip");
    const micropip = pyodide.pyimport("micropip");
    await micropip.install("url of .whl file");
    await pyodide.runPython(`
      import <package-name>
    `);
  }
  main();
</script>

解决办法 #

• 修正GitHub下载链接：不要使用GitHub仓库的文件浏览链接，这类链接返回的是HTML页面而非实际的.whl文件。改用GitHub文件的Raw链接，或者将.whl包上传到GitHub Releases获取直接下载地址。
• 验证whl包完整性：本地执行unzip -t <your-package>.whl检查包是否为有效zip文件。如果验证失败，重新运行python3 -m build生成包，确保过程无报错。
• 检查Pyodide兼容性：确保你的包是纯Python包，或者已经针对Pyodide的emscripten架构编译成兼容的wasm格式whl包。包含C扩展的普通whl包无法在Pyodide中运行。
• 确认CORS配置：如果whl包托管在第三方服务器，需确保服务器配置了CORS，允许你的HTML页面所在域名访问该资源，避免下载内容被拦截或不完整。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者teles