jQuery UI Autocomplete Combobox与Bootstrap 5冲突问题求助

问题说明 #

升级到 Bootstrap 5 后，原 Bootstrap 4 中正常运行的 Autocomplete Combobox 出现两个问题：

1. 下拉箭头图标消失
2. 控制台报错：Bootstrap doesn't allow more than one instance per element. Bound instance: bs.tooltip

问题根源 #

1. Tooltip 组件冲突：Bootstrap 5 和 jQuery UI 都实现了 tooltip() 方法，Bootstrap 的实现会覆盖 jQuery UI 的版本，导致代码中绑定 jQuery UI tooltip 时实际调用了 Bootstrap 的 tooltip，而 Bootstrap 不允许同一元素重复绑定 tooltip 实例。
2. 样式覆盖：Bootstrap 5 的按钮、表单控件样式重置了 jQuery UI 的按钮图标样式，导致下拉箭头无法正常渲染。

解决方案 #

1. 解决 Tooltip 冲突 #

在引入 jQuery UI 后，添加代码恢复 jQuery UI 的 tooltip 方法，避免被 Bootstrap 覆盖：

$(function() {
  // 保存 Bootstrap 的 tooltip 实现，恢复 jQuery UI 的 tooltip
  if ($.fn.tooltip && !$.fn.originalTooltip) {
    $.fn.originalTooltip = $.fn.tooltip;
    $.fn.tooltip = $.ui.tooltip.prototype._createWidget;
  }

  // 后续的 combobox 初始化代码...
});

2. 修复下拉图标显示问题 #

调整自定义 CSS，匹配 Bootstrap 5 表单控件的样式规范，确保 jQuery UI 图标正常显示：

.custom-combobox {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
}
.custom-combobox-toggle {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  margin-left: -1px;
  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
  border-left: none;
  border-radius: 0 0.375rem 0.375rem 0;
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.custom-combobox-toggle .ui-icon {
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.custom-combobox-input {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.375rem 2.25rem 0.375rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 0.375rem 0 0 0.375rem;
  width: 100%;
}

同时给输入框添加 Bootstrap 的 form-control 类，让样式更统一：

this.input = $( "<input>" )
  // ...其他属性
  .addClass( "custom-combobox-input ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-state-default form-control" )
  // ...后续代码

完整修改后的代码 #

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>jQuery UI Autocomplete - Combobox</title>
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-EVSTQN3/azprG1Anm3QDgpJLIm9Nao0Yz1ztcQTwFspd3yD65VohhpuuCOmLASjC" crossorigin="anonymous">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.13.2/themes/base/jquery-ui.css">
  <style>
  .custom-combobox {
    position: relative;
    display: block;
  }
  .custom-combobox-toggle {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    margin-left: -1px;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
    border: 1px solid #ced4da;
    border-left: none;
    border-radius: 0 0.375rem 0.375rem 0;
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  .custom-combobox-toggle .ui-icon {
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  .custom-combobox-input {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.375rem 2.25rem 0.375rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 0.375rem 0 0 0.375rem;
    width: 100%;
  }
  </style>
  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.js"></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-MrcW6ZMFYlzcLA8Nl+NtUVF0sA7MsXsP1UyJoMp4YLEuNSfAP+JcXn/tWtIaxVXM" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.13.2/jquery-ui.js"></script>
  <script>
  $( function() {
    // 解决 Bootstrap 5 与 jQuery UI tooltip 冲突
    if ($.fn.tooltip && !$.fn.originalTooltip) {
      $.fn.originalTooltip = $.fn.tooltip;
      $.fn.tooltip = $.ui.tooltip.prototype._createWidget;
    }

    $.widget( "custom.combobox", {
      _create: function() {
        this.wrapper = $( "<span>" )
          .addClass( "custom-combobox" )
          .insertAfter( this.element );

        this.element.hide();
        this._createAutocomplete();
        this._createShowAllButton();
      },

      _createAutocomplete: function() {
        var selected = this.element.children( ":selected" ),
          value = selected.val() ? selected.text() : "";

        this.input = $( "<input>" )
          .appendTo( this.wrapper )
          .val( value )
          .attr( "title", "" )
          .addClass( "custom-combobox-input ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-state-default form-control" )
          .autocomplete({
            delay: 0,
            minLength: 0,
            source: this._source.bind( this )
          })
          .tooltip({
            classes: {
              "ui-tooltip": "ui-state-highlight"
            }
          });

        this._on( this.input, {
          autocompleteselect: function( event, ui ) {
            ui.item.option.selected = true;
            this._trigger( "select", event, {
              item: ui.item.option
            });
          },

          autocompletechange: "_removeIfInvalid"
        });
      },

      _createShowAllButton: function() {
        var input = this.input,
          wasOpen = false;

        $( "<a>" )
          .attr( "tabIndex", -1 )
          .attr( "title", "Show All Items" )
          .tooltip()
          .appendTo( this.wrapper )
          .button({
            icons: {
              primary: "ui-icon-triangle-1-s"
            },
            text: false
          })
          .removeClass( "ui-corner-all" )
          .addClass( "custom-combobox-toggle ui-corner-right" )
          .on( "mousedown", function() {
            wasOpen = input.autocomplete( "widget" ).is( ":visible" );
          })
          .on( "click", function() {
            input.trigger( "focus" );

            if ( wasOpen ) {
              return;
            }

            input.autocomplete( "search", "" );
          });
      },

      _source: function( request, response ) {
        var matcher = new RegExp( $.ui.autocomplete.escapeRegex(request.term), "i" );
        response( this.element.children( "option" ).map(function() {
          var text = $( this ).text();
          if ( this.value && ( !request.term || matcher.test(text) ) )
            return {
              label: text,
              value: text,
              option: this
            };
        }) );
      },

      _removeIfInvalid: function( event, ui ) {
        if ( ui.item ) {
          return;
        }

        var value = this.input.val(),
          valueLowerCase = value.toLowerCase(),
          valid = false;
        this.element.children( "option" ).each(function() {
          if ( $( this ).text().toLowerCase() === valueLowerCase ) {
            this.selected = valid = true;
            return false;
          }
        });

        if ( valid ) {
          return;
        }

        this.input
          .val( "" )
          .attr( "title", value + " didn't match any item" )
          .tooltip( "open" );
        this.element.val( "" );
        this._delay(function() {
          this.input.tooltip( "close" ).attr( "title", "" );
        }, 2500 );
        this.input.autocomplete( "instance" ).term = "";
      },

      _destroy: function() {
        this.wrapper.remove();
        this.element.show();
      }
    });

    $( ".combobox" ).combobox();
    $( "#toggle" ).on( "click", function() {
      $( ".combobox" ).toggle();
    });
  } );
  </script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-4">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
Autocomplete combobox with Bootstrap 5
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<div class="ui-widget">
  <select class="combobox form-select">
    <option value>Select one...</option>
    <option value="ActionScript">ActionScript</option>
    <option value="AppleScript">AppleScript</option>
    <option value="Asp">Asp</option>
    <option value="BASIC">BASIC</option>
    <option value="C">C</option>
    <option value="C++">C++</option>
    <option value="Clojure">Clojure</option>
    <option value="COBOL">COBOL</option>
    <option value="ColdFusion">ColdFusion</option>
    <option value="Erlang">Erlang</option>
    <option value="Fortran">Fortran</option>
    <option value="Groovy">Groovy</option>
    <option value="Haskell">Haskell</option>
    <option value="Java">Java</option>
    <option value="JavaScript">JavaScript</option>
    <option value="Lisp">Lisp</option>
    <option value="Perl">Perl</option>
    <option value="PHP">PHP</option>
    <option value="Python">Python</option>
    <option value="Ruby">Ruby</option>
    <option value="Scala">Scala</option>
    <option value="Scheme">Scheme</option>
  </select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Surojit Chowdhury