Laravel：如何通过Review模型适配create方法中的驼峰命名变量与蛇形命名数据库字段

Absolutely! You can resolve this mismatch between your camelCase request parameters (userId, movieId) and snake_case database columns (user_id, movie_id) by making adjustments to your Review model. Here are a few straightforward approaches:

1. Leverage Laravel's Default Snake Attribute Conversion #

Laravel's Eloquent has a built-in feature that automatically converts camelCase model attributes to snake_case database columns (this is enabled by default via the $snakeAttributes property, which defaults to true).

The key here is ensuring your model's $fillable array includes the snake_case database column names. Here's how your model should look:

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Review extends Model
{
    // Allow mass assignment for your snake_case columns
    protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'movie_id', 'title', 'review'];
    
    // $snakeAttributes = true; // This is enabled by default, so you don't need to explicitly define it
}

When you call Review::create() with your camelCase validated data, Eloquent will automatically map userId to user_id and movieId to movie_id behind the scenes, while respecting your $fillable rules. This should resolve your SQL error immediately.

2. Override the fill() Method for Explicit Conversion #

If for some reason the default conversion isn't working (e.g., older Laravel version, custom configuration), you can explicitly convert the request array's keys from camelCase to snake_case by overriding the model's fill() method:

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

class Review extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'movie_id', 'title', 'review'];

    public function fill(array $attributes)
    {
        // Convert all camelCase keys to snake_case
        $snakeCaseAttributes = collect($attributes)->mapWithKeys(function ($value, $key) {
            return [Str::snake($key) => $value];
        })->toArray();

        // Pass the converted attributes to the parent fill method
        return parent::fill($snakeCaseAttributes);
    }
}

This method ensures every attribute key gets converted before mass assignment, so you can use camelCase or snake_case interchangeably in your create() call.

3. Define Attribute Mutators #

For a more granular approach, you can create mutators for the camelCase attributes that map directly to your snake_case columns:

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Review extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'movie_id', 'title', 'review'];

    // Mutator for userId -> maps to user_id
    public function setUserIdAttribute($value)
    {
        $this->attributes['user_id'] = $value;
    }

    // Mutator for movieId -> maps to movie_id
    public function setMovieIdAttribute($value)
    {
        $this->attributes['movie_id'] = $value;
    }
}

When you assign a value to $review->userId (or pass userId in the create() array), the mutator automatically stores it in the user_id database column.

All three methods will let you keep using camelCase in your request validation while playing nicely with your snake_case database schema.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Zoran