Docker容器内Airflow指定版本与实际不符致容器重启，求原因

问题描述 #

我尝试使用官方docker-compose文件运行Airflow，但airflow-webserver、airflow-scheduler、airflow-worker、airflow-triggerer容器持续重启。查看容器日志，显示如下警告与错误：

airflow_drck-airflow-webserver-1 | /home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/airflow/configuration.py:408 FutureWarning: The auth_backends setting in [api] has had airflow.api.auth.backend.session added in the running config, which is needed by the UI. Please update your config before Apache Airflow 3.0.
airflow_drck-airflow-webserver-1 | /home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/airflow/cli/cli_config.py:1001 DeprecationWarning: The namespace option in [kubernetes] has been moved to the namespace option in [kubernetes_executor] - the old setting has been used, but please update your config.
airflow_drck-airflow-webserver-1 | ERROR: You need to upgrade the database. Please run airflow db upgrade. Make sure the command is run using Airflow version 2.6.1.

问题核心矛盾：docker-compose文件中指定的Airflow版本为2.3.3，但进入容器执行airflow version命令时，显示版本为2.6.1：

default@5c1f84edc227:/opt/airflow$ airflow version
/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/airflow/configuration.py:408 FutureWarning: The auth_backends setting in [api] has had airflow.api.auth.backend.session added in the running config, which is needed by the UI. Please update your config before Apache Airflow 3.0.
/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/airflow/cli/cli_config.py:1001 DeprecationWarning: The namespace option in [kubernetes] has been moved to the namespace option in [kubernetes_executor] - the old setting has been used, but please update your config.
2.6.1

版本不符的原因 #

• 镜像标签不明确：如果docker-compose文件中使用的是apache/airflow:latest或模糊版本标签（如2），Docker会自动拉取对应分支的最新稳定镜像，即2.6.1，而非指定的2.3.3。
• 本地镜像缓存冲突：此前可能已拉取过Airflow 2.6.1镜像，docker-compose启动时优先使用本地现有镜像，忽略了compose文件中的版本设置（若标签存在歧义）。
• compose文件版本不匹配：下载的官方docker-compose文件为新版，默认配置了更高版本的Airflow镜像，与你预期的2.3.3版本不符。

解决办法 #

• 明确指定完整版本镜像：修改docker-compose.yml中所有Airflow服务的镜像标签为apache/airflow:2.3.3，确保webserver、scheduler、worker等所有组件统一使用该版本。
• 清理旧镜像并重新部署：执行以下命令清理本地冲突镜像，再重新启动服务：

  docker rmi apache/airflow:2.6.1 apache/airflow:latest
  docker-compose down -v
  docker-compose up -d
  

• 升级数据库适配新版本：若选择保留2.6.1版本，需先执行数据库升级命令，再重启服务：

  docker-compose run --rm webserver airflow db upgrade
  docker-compose restart
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者irbiss