如何通过Inno Setup检测并安装.NET 6 Runtime？

1. 检测.NET 6 Runtime是否已安装 #

.NET 6 Runtime的安装信息会写入Windows注册表，可通过读取对应注册表项判断是否已安装：

• x64系统：检查HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x64\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App下是否存在版本≥6.0.0的子键
• x86系统：检查HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App下的对应版本子键

在Inno Setup的[Code]段实现检测函数：

function ParseVersion(VersionStr: String; var Major, Minor, Build: Integer): Boolean;
var
  Parts: TArrayOfString;
begin
  Result := False;
  if SplitString(VersionStr, '.', Parts) >= 2 then
  begin
    Major := StrToIntDef(Parts[0], 0);
    Minor := StrToIntDef(Parts[1], 0);
    Build := StrToIntDef(Parts[2], 0);
    Result := True;
  end;
end;

function IsNet6RuntimeInstalled: Boolean;
var
  RegPath: String;
  KeyHandle: Integer;
  I: Integer;
  VersionStr: String;
  Major, Minor, Build: Integer;
begin
  Result := False;
  if IsWin64 then
    RegPath := 'SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x64\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App'
  else
    RegPath := 'SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App';

  if RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, RegPath, 0, KEY_READ, KeyHandle) = 0 then
  begin
    I := 0;
    while RegEnumKeyEx(KeyHandle, I, VersionStr, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil) = 0 do
    begin
      if ParseVersion(VersionStr, Major, Minor, Build) then
      begin
        if Major >= 6 then
        begin
          Result := True;
          Break;
        end;
      end;
      I := I + 1;
    end;
    RegCloseKey(KeyHandle);
  end;
end;

2. 打包本地.NET 6 Runtime安装包 #

将你下载的x86/x64版本Windows Desktop Runtime安装包（WPF依赖此版本，而非基础Core Runtime）放到脚本目录，在[Files]段添加：

[Files]
; 主程序文件
Source: "你的WPF程序.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion
; 其他程序依赖文件...

; .NET 6 Runtime安装包（仅在未安装时释放）
Source: "windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x86.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Flags: deleteafterinstall; Check: not IsWin64 or (IsWin64 and not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled)
Source: "windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x64.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Flags: deleteafterinstall; Check: IsWin64 and not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled

3. 编写自动安装逻辑 #

在[Code]段添加初始化检测逻辑，未安装时自动启动静默安装：

procedure InitializeSetup;
var
  InstallerPath: String;
  ResultCode: Integer;
begin
  if not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled then
  begin
    MsgBox('检测到未安装.NET 6 Windows Desktop Runtime，将自动安装。', mbInformation, MB_OK);
    // 根据系统架构选择对应安装包
    if IsWin64 then
      InstallerPath := ExpandConstant('{tmp}\windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x64.exe')
    else
      InstallerPath := ExpandConstant('{tmp}\windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x86.exe');
    
    // 静默安装参数：/quiet无交互，/norestart不强制重启
    if not Exec(InstallerPath, '/quiet /norestart', '', SW_SHOW, ewWaitUntilTerminated, ResultCode) then
    begin
      MsgBox('安装.NET 6 Runtime失败，错误代码: ' + IntToStr(ResultCode), mbError, MB_OK);
      Abort; // 终止主程序安装
    end;
  end;
end;

4. 完整示例脚本 #

整合所有部分的完整脚本模板：

[Setup]
AppName=你的WPF程序名称
AppVersion=1.0.0
DefaultDirName={autopf}\你的WPF程序名称
DefaultGroupName=你的WPF程序名称
OutputDir=.\Output
OutputBaseFilename=你的WPF程序安装包
Compression=lzma2/ultra
SolidCompression=yes
ArchitecturesInstallIn64BitMode=x64

[Files]
Source: "你的WPF程序.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion
; 其他程序依赖文件...
Source: "windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x86.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Flags: deleteafterinstall; Check: not IsWin64 or (IsWin64 and not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled)
Source: "windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x64.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Flags: deleteafterinstall; Check: IsWin64 and not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled

[Icons]
Name: "{group}\你的WPF程序"; Filename: "{app}\你的WPF程序.exe"
Name: "{commondesktop}\你的WPF程序"; Filename: "{app}\你的WPF程序.exe"; Flags: commonprograms desktopicon

[Code]
function ParseVersion(VersionStr: String; var Major, Minor, Build: Integer): Boolean;
var
  Parts: TArrayOfString;
begin
  Result := False;
  if SplitString(VersionStr, '.', Parts) >= 2 then
  begin
    Major := StrToIntDef(Parts[0], 0);
    Minor := StrToIntDef(Parts[1], 0);
    Build := StrToIntDef(Parts[2], 0);
    Result := True;
  end;
end;

function IsNet6RuntimeInstalled: Boolean;
var
  RegPath: String;
  KeyHandle: Integer;
  I: Integer;
  VersionStr: String;
  Major, Minor, Build: Integer;
begin
  Result := False;
  if IsWin64 then
    RegPath := 'SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x64\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App'
  else
    RegPath := 'SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\sharedfx\Microsoft.NETCore.App';

  if RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, RegPath, 0, KEY_READ, KeyHandle) = 0 then
  begin
    I := 0;
    while RegEnumKeyEx(KeyHandle, I, VersionStr, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil) = 0 do
    begin
      if ParseVersion(VersionStr, Major, Minor, Build) then
      begin
        if Major >= 6 then
        begin
          Result := True;
          Break;
        end;
      end;
      I := I + 1;
    end;
    RegCloseKey(KeyHandle);
  end;
end;

procedure InitializeSetup;
var
  InstallerPath: String;
  ResultCode: Integer;
begin
  if not IsNet6RuntimeInstalled then
  begin
    MsgBox('检测到未安装.NET 6 Windows Desktop Runtime，将自动安装。', mbInformation, MB_OK);
    if IsWin64 then
      InstallerPath := ExpandConstant('{tmp}\windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x64.exe')
    else
      InstallerPath := ExpandConstant('{tmp}\windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x86.exe');
    
    if not Exec(InstallerPath, '/quiet /norestart', '', SW_SHOW, ewWaitUntilTerminated, ResultCode) then
    begin
      MsgBox('安装.NET 6 Runtime失败，错误代码: ' + IntToStr(ResultCode), mbError, MB_OK);
      Abort;
    end;
  end;
end;

注意事项 #

• 替换脚本中所有占位符（如你的WPF程序名称、windowsdesktop-runtime-6.0.x-win-x86.exe）为实际内容
• 确保下载的是Windows Desktop Runtime版本，WPF程序依赖此运行时环境
• 若需要安装后强制重启，可移除静默参数中的/norestart

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Seraphine