Flutter安卓构建失败：Duplicate class错误求助

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Launching lib/main.dart on SM G973F in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:checkDebugDuplicateClasses'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckDuplicatesRunnable
   > Duplicate class com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat found in modules jetified-android-zxingLibrary-0.1.4-PRE-runtime (com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE) and jetified-core-3.3.0 (com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0)
     Duplicate class com.google.zxing.Binarizer found in modules jetified-android-zxingLibrary-0.1.4-PRE-runtime (com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE) and jetified-core-3.3.0 (com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0)
     Duplicate class com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.Version found in modules jetified-android-zxingLibrary-0.1.4-PRE-runtime (com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE) and jetified-core-3.3.0 (com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0)
     Duplicate class com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.Version$ECB found in modules jetified-android-zxingLibrary-0.1.4-PRE-runtime (com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE) and jetified-core-3.3.0 (com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0)
     Duplicate class com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.Version$ECBlocks found in modules jetified-android-zxingLibrary-0.1.4-PRE-runtime (com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE) and jetified-core-3.3.0 (com.google.zxing:core:3.3.0)

     Go to the documentation to learn how to <a href="d.android.com/r/tools/classpath-sync-errors">Fix dependency resolution errors</a>.

* Try:
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* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 2m 59s
Exception: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

• 删除缓存
• 更新依赖并修复缓存
• 删除全局.gradle目录（执行命令：cd ~; rm -rf .gradle）

错误核心是重复的zxing核心类，com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary和com.google.zxing:core两个依赖包包含完全相同的类文件，导致Gradle构建冲突。按以下步骤解决：

1. 定位依赖来源
   在项目根目录执行命令，查看完整依赖树，确认哪个Flutter包间接引入了冲突的依赖：

   flutter pub deps --style=compact
   

   找到包含com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary或com.google.zxing:core的上游依赖包。

2. 排除重复依赖模块
   打开项目的android/app/build.gradle文件，在dependencies块中添加排除规则，移除其中一个依赖的重复核心模块：

   dependencies {
       // 保留其他原有依赖
       implementation('com.github.leyan95:android-zxingLibrary:0.1.4-PRE') {
           exclude group: 'com.google.zxing', module: 'core'
       }
   }
   

   若冲突来自Flutter插件，可在pubspec.yaml中通过版本覆盖统一zxing版本：

   dependency_overrides:
     # 根据实际依赖包名调整，确保只保留一个版本的zxing核心
     zxing_core: 3.3.0
   

3. 清理缓存并重新构建
   执行以下命令彻底清理缓存后重新构建项目：

   flutter clean
   cd android && ./gradlew clean
   flutter pub get
   flutter run
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SOULEYMANE TOURE