Flutter Android模拟器Debug构建失败问题求助

问题 #

为Android模拟器构建Flutter Debug版本时出现以下错误，iOS模拟器构建正常：

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

• What went wrong:
  Could not determine the dependencies of task ':app:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.

Could not resolve all dependencies for configuration ':app:debugCompileClasspath'.
Could not create task ':app:generateDebugLintModel'.
java.lang.NullPointerException (no error message)

执行flutter run --verbose时的核心错误信息：

'/Users/user/.pub-cache/hosted/pub.dev/webview_flutter_android-3.7.1/android/build.gradle'.
[        ] All projects evaluated.
[        ] Task name matched 'assembleDebug'
[        ] Selected primary task 'assembleDebug' from project :
[        ] FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
[   +1 ms] * What went wrong:
[        ] Could not determine the dependencies of task ':app:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
[        ] > Could not resolve all dependencies for configuration ':app:debugCompileClasspath'.
[        ]    > Could not create task ':app:generateDebugLintModel'.
[        ]       > java.lang.NullPointerException (no error message)

环境信息 #

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.10.3, on macOS 13.3.1  darwin-arm64, locale ja-JP)
    • Flutter version 3.10.3 on channel stable at /Users/user/development/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision f92f44110e (4 days ago), 2023-06-01 18:17:33 -0500
    • Engine revision 2a3401c9bb
    • Dart version 3.0.3
    • DevTools version 2.23.1

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
    • Android SDK at /Users/user/Library/Android/sdk
    • Platform android-33, build-tools 33.0.0
    • Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jre/Contents/Home/bin/java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 14.3.1)
    • Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
    • Build 14E300c
    • CocoaPods version 1.12.1

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome

[✓] Android Studio (version 2021.3)
    • Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)

[✓] VS Code (version 1.73.0)
    • VS Code at /Users/user/Downloads/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents
    • Flutter extension version 3.60.0

[✓] Connected device (3 available)
    • sdk gphone64 arm64 (mobile) • emulator-5554 • android-arm64  • Android 12 (API 32) (emulator)
    • macOS (desktop)             • macos         • darwin-arm64   • macOS 13.3.1 darwin-arm64
    • Chrome (web)                • chrome        • web-javascript • Google Chrome 

[✓] Network resources
    • All expected network resources are available.

• No issues found!

已尝试的操作 #

• 执行flutter clean
• 执行flutter pub cache repair
• 通过flutter pub outdated更新依赖版本
• 通过brew安装OpenJDK并配置环境变量：

brew install openjdk
sudo ln -sfn /opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk.jdk
echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk/include"

解决方法 #

针对generateDebugLintModel任务的空指针异常，可尝试以下步骤：

1. 禁用Lint模型生成
   在项目的android/app/build.gradle文件中，添加以下配置到android块内：

   android {
       // 保留原有配置
       lint {
           checkReleaseBuilds false
           generateLintModel false
       }
   }
   

2. 指定兼容的Gradle版本
   打开项目根目录的android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties文件，将Gradle版本指定为7.6（与Flutter 3.10.x兼容）：

   distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-all.zip
   

3. 更新Android Gradle插件
   在项目根目录的android/build.gradle文件中，匹配Gradle版本更新插件（Gradle 7.6对应插件7.4.2）：

   buildscript {
       ext.kotlin_version = '1.8.20'
       repositories {
           google()
           mavenCentral()
       }
   
       dependencies {
           classpath "com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2"
           classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
       }
   }
   

4. 彻底清理后重新构建
   执行以下命令清理缓存并重新构建：

   flutter clean
   rm -rf android/.gradle
   rm -rf ~/.gradle/caches
   flutter pub get
   flutter run
   

5. 检查WebView插件兼容性
   错误日志指向webview_flutter_android-3.7.1，可尝试在pubspec.yaml中调整该插件版本（降级或升级），执行flutter pub get后重新构建。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sub