Windows10+VS Code环境下安装Django失败，求解决方案

问题场景 #

Windows10系统，在VS Code中使用%pip install Django，或在Anaconda中安装Django时，出现以下错误：

Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/django/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/django/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))) - skippingNote: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.

Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))) - skipping
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -orch (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -cipy (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -orch (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -cipy (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /simple/django/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /simple/django/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /simple/django/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /simple/django/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /simple/django/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement Django (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for Django
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -orch (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -cipy (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -orch (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -cipy (d:\program files\anaconda\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: There was an error checking the latest version of pip.

解决方案 #

1. 修复无效的Python包 #

错误中的Ignoring invalid distribution -orch和-cipy是包目录命名异常导致的（大概率是torch和scipy安装残留），执行以下命令强制重装修复：

• 打开对应环境的终端（VS Code终端或Anaconda Prompt），运行：

  pip install --force-reinstall torch scipy
  

2. 解决SSL证书连接问题 #

核心错误是无法验证PyPI的SSL证书，可通过以下两种方式解决：

• 方法一：使用国内镜像源安装
  直接通过国内镜像绕开SSL验证问题，执行：

  # pip安装Django
  pip install django -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
  # 或Anaconda中用conda安装
  conda install django -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
  

• 方法二：修复系统SSL证书
  • 检查并安装Windows系统的根证书更新（通过Windows更新功能获取，或手动安装微软官方根证书包）
  • 重置pip的SSL配置，执行：

    pip config unset global.cert
    

3. 检查网络代理设置 #

如果使用了代理，可能导致SSL连接异常：

• 临时关闭系统代理或VPN后重试安装
• 重置pip的代理配置：

  pip config unset global.proxy
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jia