在自托管运行器（ARC）安装Ruby 3.1.2失败求助

问题背景 #

使用actions-runner-controller在EKS部署的ubuntu-20.04-arm64自托管运行器上，尝试通过ruby/setup-ruby@v1安装Ruby 3.1.2时触发报错，提示需自行在$RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE路径手动安装；后续尝试RVM、rbenv方式均未成功。

报错信息：

Run ruby/setup-ruby@v1
with:
ruby-version: 3.1.2
bundler-cache: false

Error: The current runner (ubuntu-20.04-arm64) was detected as self-hosted because the platform does not match a GitHub-hosted runner image (or that image is deprecated and no longer supported).
In such a case, you should install Ruby in the $RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE yourself, for example using https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build
You can take inspiration from this workflow for more details: https://github.com/ruby/ruby-builder/blob/master/.github/workflows/build.yml
$ ruby-build 3.1.2 /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64
Once that completes successfully, mark it as complete with:
$ touch /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64.complete
It is your responsibility to ensure installing Ruby like that is not done in parallel.

尝试的RVM命令：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gnupg2
gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
source /etc/profile
source \~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
rvm install ruby-3.1.2

解决方法 #

方案一：适配$RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE的ruby-build安装法（推荐） #

该方法完全符合ruby/setup-ruby的要求，后续可直接复用setup-ruby的缓存逻辑：

1. 安装编译Ruby的依赖包
   编译Ruby需要基础编译工具和依赖库，先补全：

   sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev git
   

2. 安装ruby-build
   通过git克隆工具到本地路径：

   git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git ~/.ruby-build
   echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.ruby-build/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
   source ~/.bashrc
   

   也可通过apt直接安装（系统仓库支持时）：

   sudo apt install ruby-build
   

3. 编译安装Ruby到指定工具缓存路径
   注意/opt/hostedtoolcache需要sudo权限：

   sudo mkdir -p /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64
   sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby
   ruby-build 3.1.2 /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64
   

4. 创建标记文件完成缓存注册

   touch /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64.complete
   

5. 验证安装

   export PATH="/opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby/3.1.2/arm64/bin:$PATH"
   ruby -v  # 应输出ruby 3.1.2p20
   

方案二：修复RVM安装失败问题 #

若偏好RVM，需解决环境初始化和依赖缺失问题：

1. 补全编译依赖
   安装缺失的编译工具和库：

   sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev software-properties-common libffi-dev
   

2. 正确初始化RVM环境
   RVM安装后需正确加载，避免路径错误：

   source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
   # 将初始化命令加入shell配置，永久生效
   echo '[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"' >> ~/.bashrc
   source ~/.bashrc
   

3. 安装Ruby 3.1.2
   指定openssl路径适配arm64架构：

   rvm install 3.1.2 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/lib/ssl
   

4. 设置全局Ruby版本

   rvm use 3.1.2 --default
   ruby -v  # 验证版本
   

关键注意事项 #

• 并行安装问题：自托管runner若有多个并发任务，需确保Ruby安装过程不并行执行，可通过锁机制或在runner初始化阶段预先安装Ruby。
• 权限问题：/opt/hostedtoolcache路径默认是root权限，需确保runner用户有读写权限，或用sudo执行安装命令。
• arm64兼容性：部分Ruby版本编译需适配arm架构，确保依赖包为arm64版本（ubuntu-20.04默认仓库已支持）。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Azar