如何在Python中获取JSON叶子节点并计算2022年总销售额

完整代码实现 #

# 假设JSON数据已加载为字典（从文件读取的话看下方步骤）
customer_data = {
    "customer_data": [
        {"name": "John Smith", "age": 35, "email": "johnsmith@gmail.com", "phone": "0413-535-124", "sales_value": [{"year": "2022", "sales_value": 2000}, {"year": "2023", "sales_value": 3000}]},
        {"name": "Jane Doe", "age": 28, "email": "janedoe@yahoo.com", "phone": "0401-655-568", "sales_value": [{"year": "2022", "sales_value": 2000}, {"year": "2023", "sales_value": 3000}]},
        {"name": "Bob Johnson", "age": 42, "email": "bjohnson@hotmail.com", "phone": "0433-515-912", "sales_value": [{"year": "2022", "sales_value": 2000}, {"year": "2023", "sales_value": 3000}]},
        {"name": "Bob2 Johnson", "age": 42, "email": "bjohnson@hotmail.com", "phone": "0433-515-912", "sales_value": [{"year": "2022", "sales_value": 2000}, {"year": "2023", "sales_value": 3000}]},
        {"name": "Bob3 Johnson", "age": 42, "email": "bjohnson@hotmail.com", "phone": "0433-515-912", "sales_value": [{"year": "2022", "sales_value": 2000}, {"year": "2023", "sales_value": 3000}]}
    ]
}

total_2022_sales = 0

# 遍历所有客户
for customer in customer_data["customer_data"]:
    # 遍历当前客户的每一条销售记录
    for sale in customer["sales_value"]:
        if sale["year"] == "2022":
            total_2022_sales += sale["sales_value"]

print(f"2022年销售总和: {total_2022_sales}")

简化写法（生成器表达式） #

如果偏好更紧凑的代码，可直接用生成器表达式求和：

total_2022_sales = sum(
    sale["sales_value"]
    for customer in customer_data["customer_data"]
    for sale in customer["sales_value"]
    if sale["year"] == "2022"
)
print(f"2022年销售总和: {total_2022_sales}")

关键步骤解析 #

1. 加载JSON数据
   若数据存储在本地文件中，需用json模块读取：

   import json
   with open('your_data_file.json', 'r') as f:
       customer_data = json.load(f)
   

2. 层级访问逻辑

   • 最外层字典的customer_data键对应客户列表
   • 每个客户字典的sales_value键对应该客户的年度销售记录列表
   • 每条销售记录是包含year和sales_value的字典，直接通过键名即可访问叶子节点值

3. 筛选与累加
   通过嵌套遍历客户和销售记录，用year == "2022"筛选目标年份的记录，将对应sales_value累加到总和变量中。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kaza