Ubuntu20.04运行CryptoPP标准AES_CTR示例出现段错误求解决

以下是CryptoPP官网提供的标准AES-CTR示例代码，该代码在Win11系统可正常运行，但在Ubuntu20.04系统执行时，CTR_Mode< AES >::Encryption e;行出现段错误，需修复方案。

原示例代码 #

// 编译命令
// g++ -g3 -ggdb -O0 -DDEBUG -I/usr/include/cryptopp Driver.cpp -o Driver.exe -lcryptopp -lpthread
// g++ -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -I/usr/include/cryptopp Driver.cpp -o Driver.exe -lcryptopp -lpthread

#include <cryptopp/osrng.h>
using CryptoPP::AutoSeededRandomPool;

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;

#include <string>
using std::string;

#include <cstdlib>
using std::exit;

#include <cryptopp/cryptlib.h>
using CryptoPP::Exception;

#include <cryptopp/hex.h>
using CryptoPP::HexEncoder;
using CryptoPP::HexDecoder;

#include <cryptopp/filters.h>
using CryptoPP::StringSink;
using CryptoPP::StringSource;
using CryptoPP::StreamTransformationFilter;

#include <cryptopp/hex.h>
using CryptoPP::AES;

#include <cryptopp/ccm.h>
using CryptoPP::CTR_Mode;

#include "assert.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    AutoSeededRandomPool prng;

    CryptoPP::byte key[AES::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH];
    prng.GenerateBlock(key, sizeof(key));

    CryptoPP::byte iv[AES::BLOCKSIZE];
    prng.GenerateBlock(iv, sizeof(iv));

    string plain = "CTR Mode Test";
    string cipher, encoded, recovered;

    /*********************************\
    \*********************************/

    // Pretty print key
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(key, sizeof(key), true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "key: " << encoded << endl;

    // Pretty print iv
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(iv, sizeof(iv), true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "iv: " << encoded << endl;

    /*********************************\
    \*********************************/

    try
    {
        cout << "plain text: " << plain << endl;

        CTR_Mode< AES >::Encryption e;
        cout << "after definition1" << endl;
        e.SetKeyWithIV(key, sizeof(key), iv);
        cout << "after definition2" << endl;

        // The StreamTransformationFilter adds padding
        //  as required. ECB and CBC Mode must be padded
        //  to the block size of the cipher.
        StringSource(plain, true, 
            new StreamTransformationFilter(e,
                new StringSink(cipher)
            ) // StreamTransformationFilter      
        ); // StringSource
    }
    catch(const CryptoPP::Exception& e)
    {
        cerr << e.what() << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    /*********************************\
    \*********************************/

    // Pretty print
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(cipher, true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "cipher text: " << encoded << endl;

    /*********************************\
    \*********************************/

    try
    {
        CTR_Mode< AES >::Decryption d;
        d.SetKeyWithIV(key, sizeof(key), iv);

        // The StreamTransformationFilter removes
        //  padding as required.
        StringSource s(cipher, true, 
            new StreamTransformationFilter(d,
                new StringSink(recovered)
            ) // StreamTransformationFilter
        ); // StringSource

        cout << "recovered text: " << recovered << endl;
    }
    catch(const CryptoPP::Exception& e)
    {
        cerr << e.what() << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    /*********************************\
    \*********************************/

    return 0;
}

Ubuntu20.04仓库默认提供的CryptoPP版本为5.6.2，该版本与官网示例依赖的新版本API存在差异，导致段错误，可通过以下两种方式修复：

方法1：修正头文件引用（适配旧版本） #

旧版本CryptoPP中，CTR_Mode类定义在<cryptopp/modes.h>而非<cryptopp/ccm.h>，同时代码中重复包含了<cryptopp/hex.h>，需修正：

1. 将#include <cryptopp/ccm.h>替换为#include <cryptopp/modes.h>
2. 删除重复的#include <cryptopp/hex.h>

完整修复后的代码 #

// 编译命令
// g++ -g3 -ggdb -O0 -DDEBUG -I/usr/include/cryptopp Driver.cpp -o Driver.exe -lcryptopp -lpthread
// g++ -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -I/usr/include/cryptopp Driver.cpp -o Driver.exe -lcryptopp -lpthread

#include <cryptopp/osrng.h>
using CryptoPP::AutoSeededRandomPool;

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;

#include <string>
using std::string;

#include <cstdlib>
using std::exit;

#include <cryptopp/cryptlib.h>
using CryptoPP::Exception;

#include <cryptopp/hex.h>
using CryptoPP::HexEncoder;
using CryptoPP::HexDecoder;
using CryptoPP::AES;

#include <cryptopp/filters.h>
using CryptoPP::StringSink;
using CryptoPP::StringSource;
using CryptoPP::StreamTransformationFilter;

#include <cryptopp/modes.h>
using CryptoPP::CTR_Mode;

#include "assert.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    AutoSeededRandomPool prng;

    CryptoPP::byte key[AES::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH];
    prng.GenerateBlock(key, sizeof(key));

    CryptoPP::byte iv[AES::BLOCKSIZE];
    prng.GenerateBlock(iv, sizeof(iv));

    string plain = "CTR Mode Test";
    string cipher, encoded, recovered;

    // Pretty print key
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(key, sizeof(key), true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "key: " << encoded << endl;

    // Pretty print iv
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(iv, sizeof(iv), true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "iv: " << encoded << endl;

    try
    {
        cout << "plain text: " << plain << endl;

        CTR_Mode< AES >::Encryption e;
        cout << "after definition1" << endl;
        e.SetKeyWithIV(key, sizeof(key), iv);
        cout << "after definition2" << endl;

        StringSource(plain, true, 
            new StreamTransformationFilter(e,
                new StringSink(cipher)
            ) // StreamTransformationFilter      
        ); // StringSource
    }
    catch(const CryptoPP::Exception& e)
    {
        cerr << e.what() << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    // Pretty print cipher text
    encoded.clear();
    StringSource(cipher, true,
        new HexEncoder(
            new StringSink(encoded)
        ) // HexEncoder
    ); // StringSource
    cout << "cipher text: " << encoded << endl;

    try
    {
        CTR_Mode< AES >::Decryption d;
        d.SetKeyWithIV(key, sizeof(key), iv);

        StringSource s(cipher, true, 
            new StreamTransformationFilter(d,
                new StringSink(recovered)
            ) // StreamTransformationFilter
        ); // StringSource

        cout << "recovered text: " << recovered << endl;
    }
    catch(const CryptoPP::Exception& e)
    {
        cerr << e.what() << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    return 0;
}

方法2：升级CryptoPP到最新版本 #

从源码编译安装最新版CryptoPP，步骤如下：

1. 下载并解压最新源码包：

wget https://www.cryptopp.com/cryptopp870.zip
unzip cryptopp870.zip
cd cryptopp870

2. 编译安装：

make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

3. 编译代码时链接新版本库：

g++ -g -O2 -DNDEBUG Driver.cpp -o Driver.exe -lcryptopp -lpthread

两种方法均可解决段错误问题，方法1无需修改系统库，适合快速适配；方法2可获得CryptoPP的最新特性和安全更新。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jeremy Smith