M2 Mac下VSCode使用Boost Multiprecision遇头文件找不到问题求助

在M2芯片Mac的VSCode环境中，使用clang++编译代码，已通过vcpkg安装并关联Boost Multiprecision库，但编译时始终提示“'cpp_int.hpp' file not found”错误。输入#include语句时IntelliSense可自动补全该文件，说明路径配置对IntelliSense生效，但编译器编译阶段报错。

测试代码 #

#include<iostream>
#include<cpp_int.hpp>

int main(){
    using namespace std;
    boost::multiprecision::cpp_int test = 1;
    cout << test << endl;
    return 0;
}

c_cpp_properties.json配置 #

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include/**",
                "${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include/boost/multiprecision/**"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "macos-clang-arm64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

tasks.json配置 #

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: clang++ build active file",
            "command": "/usr/bin/clang++",
            "args": [
                "-I${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include/boost/multiprecision/**",
                "-std=c++17",
                "-stdlib=libc++",
                "-fcolor-diagnostics",
                "-fansi-escape-codes",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "compiler: /usr/bin/clang++"
        }
    ]
}

解决方法 #

1. 修正头文件引用方式 #

Boost库的头文件需要从boost根目录开始引用，原代码直接包含<cpp_int.hpp>是错误的，应修改为：

#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>

2. 修正tasks.json中的编译路径参数 #

clang++的-I参数不支持/**通配符，只需要指定到包含boost目录的上级路径即可，也就是${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include。修改后的args配置如下：

"args": [
    "-I${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include",
    "-std=c++17",
    "-stdlib=libc++",
    "-fcolor-diagnostics",
    "-fansi-escape-codes",
    "-g",
    "${file}",
    "-o",
    "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
]

3. 简化c_cpp_properties.json的includePath #

只保留${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include/**即可，通配符会自动遍历所有子目录，无需单独添加boost/multiprecision的路径：

"includePath": [
    "${workspaceFolder}/**",
    "${vcpkgRoot}/arm64-osx/include/**"
]

完成以上修改后，重新执行编译任务即可解决文件未找到的错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者dman