升级Java8至Java17后Spring Boot启动报错求助

问题背景 #

将Java版本从8升级到17，Spring Boot从1.3.3.RELEASE升级到2.7.12后，启动应用抛出以下异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
org/springframework/core/metrics/ApplicationStartup at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.(SpringApplication.java:232)
at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.(SpringApplication.java:245)
at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1303)
at
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1292)
at
com.aujas.keystore.microservice.KeystoreController.main(KeystoreController.java:43)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:
org.springframework.core.metrics.ApplicationStartup at
java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:641)
at
java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:188)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:520)
... 5 more

原pom.xml配置 #

<groupId>codesign</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<version>0.0.2-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>microservice</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.12</version>
    <relativePath />
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
          <exclusion>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
          </exclusion>
       </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
        <artifactId>bcmail-jdk16</artifactId>
        <version>1.46</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
        <artifactId>bcpg-jdk15on</artifactId>
        <version>1.49</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
        <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-media-json-processing</artifactId>
        <version>2.19</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
        <version>2.20</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-media-json-jackson</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-cli</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-cli</artifactId>
        <version>1.3</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
        <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>biz.paluch.logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>logstash-gelf</artifactId>
        <version>1.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Add Log4j2 Dependency -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Brixton.RC1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>


<repositories>
    <repository>
        <id>spring-snapshots</id>
        <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
        <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
        <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
        </snapshots>
    </repository>
    <repository>
        <id>spring-milestones</id>
        <name>Spring Milestones</name>
        <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
        </snapshots>
    </repository>
</repositories>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            
        </plugin>
    </plugins>

</build>

已更新的部分依赖 #

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcmail-jdk16</artifactId>
    <version>1.46</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcpg-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.49</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
    <artifactId>jersey-media-json-processing</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
    <artifactId>jersey-media-json-jackson</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.2</version>
</dependency>

问题根源 #

ApplicationStartup是Spring Framework 5.1+新增的类，但当前配置中Spring Cloud使用的Brixton.RC1版本属于非常老旧的分支，仅兼容Spring Boot 1.3.x，会强制引入低版本的Spring Framework，与Spring Boot 2.7.12依赖的Spring Framework 5.3.x产生版本冲突，导致类加载失败。

修复步骤 #

1. 升级Spring Cloud依赖版本 #

Spring Boot 2.7.12对应的Spring Cloud稳定版本是2021.0.8（Jubilee SR8），修改dependencyManagement部分：

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.0.8</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

2. 替换Zuul依赖 #

原spring-cloud-starter-zuul已废弃，改用兼容当前版本的Netflix Zuul starter：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>

3. 清理冲突依赖 #

• 移除com.sun.jersey:jersey-client依赖，它与Glassfish Jersey 3.x存在包冲突
• 更新BouncyCastle版本至兼容Java 17的版本，替换老旧的bcmail-jdk16：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcmail-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.70</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcpg-jdk15on</artifactId>
    <version>1.70</version>
</dependency>

4. 统一Jersey与JAX-RS版本 #

Jersey 3.x对应JAX-RS 3.0，需将javax.ws.rs-api替换为Jakarta EE的jakarta.ws.rs-api：

<dependency>
    <groupId>jakarta.ws.rs</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.ws.rs-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>

5. 刷新依赖缓存 #

执行Maven命令强制清理并重新构建：

mvn clean install -U

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Raj