Jenkins中Selenium+C#自动化测试Edge浏览器启动崩溃问题求助

问题背景 #

本地Jenkins流水线中，Selenium结合C#编写的自动化测试用Chrome浏览器运行正常，但切换为Edge浏览器时出现启动崩溃错误，报错提示DevToolsActivePort文件不存在，msedgedriver判定Edge已崩溃。

第一段初始化代码 #

var options = new EdgeOptions();

options.UseChromium = true;
options.AddArgument("disable-gpu");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.default_directory", directoryPath);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("intl.accept_languages", "en");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("disable-popup-blocking", "true");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.prompt_for_download", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.directory_upgrade", true);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("credentials_enable_service", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("plugins.always_open_pdf_externally", true);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("profile.password_manager_enabled", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("pdfjs.disabled", true);
options.AddArguments("--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows");
options.AddArgument("--no-sandbox");
options.AddArgument("start-maximized");
var edgeInfo = FileVersionInfo.GetVersionInfo(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EdgePath"]);
var version = edgeInfo.FileVersion;
TestContext.Progress.WriteLine($"Edge executable path (under EdgePath in CommonSettings.config): {ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["EdgePath"]}. Edge version: {version}");
new DriverManager().SetUpDriver(new EdgeConfig(), version);
Driver = new EdgeDriver(options);
break;

报错信息 #

OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriverException : 未知错误：Microsoft Edge启动失败：已崩溃。
  (未知错误：DevToolsActivePort文件不存在)
  (从msedge路径C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe启动的进程已不再运行，因此msedgedriver判定msedge已崩溃。)
TearDown : System.NullReferenceException : 对象引用未设置为对象的实例。
  堆栈跟踪:
     在 OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriver.UnpackAndThrowOnError(Response errorResponse, String commandToExecute)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriver.Execute(String driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary`2 parameters)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriver.StartSession(ICapabilities desiredCapabilities)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.WebDriver..ctor(ICommandExecutor executor, ICapabilities capabilities)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.Chromium.ChromiumDriver..ctor(ChromiumDriverService service, ChromiumOptions options, TimeSpan commandTimeout)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.Edge.EdgeDriver..ctor(EdgeDriverService service, EdgeOptions options, TimeSpan commandTimeout)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.Edge.EdgeDriver..ctor(String edgeDriverDirectory, EdgeOptions options, TimeSpan commandTimeout)
   在 OpenQA.Selenium.Edge.EdgeDriver..ctor(String edgeDriverDirectory, EdgeOptions options)
   在 Moshocart.Tests.Infrastructure.TestCore.Launch(String browserType) 位置 C:\ProgramData\Jenkins\.jenkins\workspace\UIDemo\Tests\Infrastructure\TestCore.cs:行号 179
   在 Moshocart.Tests.Infrastructure.TestBase.InitializeOnce() 位置 C:\ProgramData\Jenkins\.jenkins\workspace\UIDemo\Tests\Infrastructure\TestBase.cs:行号 112
--TearDown
   在 Moshocart.Tests.Infrastructure.TestBase.LogToReports() 位置 C:\ProgramData\Jenkins\.jenkins\workspace\UIDemo\Tests\Infrastructure\TestBase.cs:行号 205
   在 Moshocart.Tests.Infrastructure.TestBase.Quit() 位置 C:\ProgramData\Jenkins\.jenkins\workspace\UIDemo\Tests\Infrastructure\TestBase.cs:行号 125

修改后的初始化代码 #

var options = new EdgeOptions();

options.AddArgument("disable-gpu");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("intl.accept_languages", "en");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("disable-popup-blocking", "true");
options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.prompt_for_download", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.directory_upgrade", true);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("credentials_enable_service", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("plugins.always_open_pdf_externally", true);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("profile.password_manager_enabled", false);
options.AddUserProfilePreference("pdfjs.disabled", true);
options.AddArguments("--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows");
options.AddArgument("--no-sandbox");
options.AddArgument("start-maximized");
var edge = new EdgeConfig();
new DriverManager().SetUpDriver(edge, VersionResolveStrategy.MatchingBrowser);
Thread.Sleep(10000);
var CurrentDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
var NewDir = $"{CurrentDirectory}\\Edge";

string directoryPath = NewDir;
string fileName = "msedgedriver.exe";
string filePath = SearchFile(directoryPath, fileName);
string filePath1 = "cmd" + " " + filePath;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
{
    Console.WriteLine("File found: " + filePath);
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("File not found.");
}

static string SearchFile(string directoryPath, string fileName)
{
    string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(directoryPath, fileName);
    if (files.Length > 0)
    {
        return files[0];
    }
    string[] subDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories(directoryPath);
    foreach (string subDirectory in subDirectories)
    {
        string filePath = SearchFile(subDirectory, fileName);
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
        {
            return filePath;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

Console.WriteLine(filePath1);
LogTestOutput("Driver Started $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$");
Driver = new EdgeDriver(filePath1, options);
LogTestOutput("Driver Ended &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&");
break;

解决方案 #

针对DevToolsActivePort文件不存在导致的Edge崩溃问题，可尝试以下修复步骤：

• 指定调试端口：在EdgeOptions中添加--remote-debugging-port=9222参数，强制固定调试端口，避免端口分配失败：

  options.AddArgument("--remote-debugging-port=9222");
  

• 设置临时用户数据目录：添加--user-data-dir参数，指定一个临时目录作为Edge的用户数据目录，规避权限或目录冲突：

  string tempDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "EdgeTestProfile");
  options.AddArgument($"--user-data-dir={tempDir}");
  

• 修复驱动路径错误：修改后的代码中filePath1 = "cmd" + " " + filePath是错误用法，EdgeDriver构造函数需要传入驱动所在目录路径，而非带cmd的命令行。替换为：

  string driverDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
  Driver = new EdgeDriver(driverDir, options);
  

• 检查Jenkins权限：确保Jenkins服务有足够权限访问Edge安装目录和临时文件目录，必要时以管理员身份运行Jenkins。
• 验证版本匹配：使用VersionResolveStrategy.MatchingBrowser确保msedgedriver版本与Edge浏览器完全一致，避免版本不兼容问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Divyaraj Dodia