无法安装flowmepy包的技术求助：多Python版本与系统均失败

问题 #

尝试安装flowmepy包，操作系统为Linux，Python版本涵盖3.8、3.9、3.10，所有版本组合均出现相同错误；部分仓库指出该模块仅支持Windows，但Windows环境下同样无法完成安装。安装时的错误日志如下：

> Collecting flowmepy   
> Using cached flowmepy-0.2.16.tar.gz (22 kB)  
> Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done 
> Requirement already satisfied:numpy>=1.17.4 in c:\users\anaconda3\envs\selfx\lib\site-packages (from flowmepy)(1.22.4)
> Requirement already satisfied: pandas>=0.24.2 in c:\users\anaconda3\envs\selfx\lib\site-packages (from flowmepy) (1.4.3) 
> Collecting cmake!=3.16.3 (from flowmepy)   
> Using cached cmake-3.26.4-py2.py3-none-win_amd64.whl (33.0 MB) 
> Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.1 in c:\users\anaconda3\envs\selfx\lib\site-packages (from pandas>=0.24.2->flowmepy) (2.8.2) 
> Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2020.1 in c:\users\anaconda3\envs\selfx\lib\site-packages (from pandas>=0.24.2->flowmepy)(2022.1)
> Requirement already satisfied:six>=1.5 in c:\users\anaconda3\envs\selfx\lib\site-packages (from python dateutil>=2.8.1->pandas>=0.24.2->flowmepy) (1.16.0) 
> Building wheels for collected packages: flowmepy 
> Building wheel for flowmepy> (setup.py) ... error   
> error: subprocess-exited-with-error
> 
> × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.   
> │ exit code: 1   ╰─> [60 lines of output]
>       running bdist_wheel
>       running build
>       running build_py
>       creating build
>       creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-310
>       creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-310\flowme
>       copying src\flowme\loader.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-310\flowme
>       copying src\flowme\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-310\flowme
>       running build_ext
>       Traceback (most recent call last):
>         File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-brzesgci\flowmepy_570ec4ec61af43218c02f2c1e91bd137\setup.py", line 39, in run
>           out = subprocess.check_output(['cmake', '--version'])
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\subprocess.py", line 421, in
> check_output
>           return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\subprocess.py", line 503, in run
>           with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\subprocess.py", line 971, in __init__
>           self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\subprocess.py", line 1456, in
> _execute_child
>           hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
>       FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified
>      
>       During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
>      
>       Traceback (most recent call last):
>         File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
>         File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
>         File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-brzesgci\flowmepy_570ec4ec61af43218c02f2c1e91bd137\setup.py", line 124, in <module>
>           setup(
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py",
> line 107, in setup
>           return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py",
> line 185, in setup
>           return run_commands(dist)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py",
> line 201, in run_commands
>           dist.run_commands()
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py",
> line 969, in run_commands
>           self.run_command(cmd)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py",
> line 1244, in run_command
>           super().run_command(command)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py",
> line 988, in run_command
>           cmd_obj.run()
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py",
> line 325, in run
>           self.run_command("build")
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py",
> line 318, in run_command
>           self.distribution.run_command(command)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py",
> line 1244, in run_command
>           super().run_command(command)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py",
> line 988, in run_command
>           cmd_obj.run()
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build.py",
> line 131, in run
>           self.run_command(cmd_name)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py",
> line 318, in run_command
>           self.distribution.run_command(command)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py",
> line 1244, in run_command
>           super().run_command(command)
>         File "C:\Users\anaconda3\envs\selfX\lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py",
> line 988, in run_command
>           cmd_obj.run()
>         File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-brzesgci\flowmepy_570ec4ec61af43218c02f2c1e91bd137\setup.py", line 41, in run
>           raise RuntimeError("CMake must be installed to build the following extensions: " +
>       RuntimeError: CMake must be installed to build the following extensions: FlowMePy
>       [end of output]
> 
>   note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a
> problem with pip.   ERROR: Failed building wheel for flowmepy  
> Running setup.py clean for flowmepy Failed to build flowmepy ERROR:
> Could not build wheels for flowmepy, which is required to install
> pyproject.toml-based projects

解决方法 #

Windows系统 #

• 安装并配置CMake到系统PATH：下载对应版本的CMake安装包，安装时勾选“Add CMake to the system PATH”选项，重启终端后执行cmake --version确认可全局调用。
• 安装Visual Studio构建工具：安装Visual Studio时选择“Desktop development with C++”工作负载，确保包含MSVC编译器、Windows SDK等组件。
• 重新安装flowmepy：激活目标Python虚拟环境，执行pip install flowmepy。

Linux系统 #

• 安装CMake及构建依赖：
  • Debian/Ubuntu系：sudo apt update && sudo apt install cmake build-essential
  • RHEL/CentOS系：sudo yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ make
  • Arch系：sudo pacman -S cmake base-devel
• 重新安装flowmepy：激活虚拟环境后执行pip install flowmepy

额外排查点 #

• 创建全新虚拟环境重试：

  # 创建Python3.9虚拟环境（其他版本替换对应python命令）
  python3.9 -m venv flowme-env
  # Linux/macOS激活
  source flowme-env/bin/activate
  # Windows激活
  flowme-env\Scripts\activate
  # 安装依赖后再装包
  pip install numpy pandas cmake
  pip install flowmepy
  

• 若仍失败，检查flowmepy源码仓库是否有未提及的系统依赖或编译参数要求。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sachin