使用Get-WmiObject查询Win32_DiskPartition时提示无效查询的问题求助

问题场景 #

运行PowerShell脚本时触发Get-WmiObject的无效查询错误，因需兼容旧操作系统，必须保留使用Get-WmiObject而非Get-CimInstance。

原脚本 #

ForEach($link in Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition){
    $partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link.Antecedent)"
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        "System Name" = $partition.SystemName
        "Drive Letter" = $link.Dependent.DeviceID
        "Partition Style" =  $partition.Type
    }
}

报错信息 #

PS C:\Windows\system32> ForEach($link in Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition){
    $partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link.Antecedent)"
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        "System Name" = $partition.SystemName
        "Drive Letter" = $link.Dependent.DeviceID
        "Partition Style" =  $partition.Type
    }
}
Get-WmiObject : Invalid query "select * from Win32_DiskPartition where Path = \\SERVER1\root\cimv2:Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=\"Disk #0, Partition #1\""
At line:2 char:18
+ ... partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-WmiObject], ManagementException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : GetWMIManagementException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetWmiObjectCommand
 

System Name Drive Letter Partition Style
----------- ------------ ---------------
                                        
Get-WmiObject : Invalid query "select * from Win32_DiskPartition where Path = \\SERVER1\root\cimv2:Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=\"Disk #1, Partition #0\""
At line:2 char:18
+ ... partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-WmiObject], ManagementException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : GetWMIManagementException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetWmiObjectCommand
 
                                        
Get-WmiObject : Invalid query "select * from Win32_DiskPartition where Path = \\SERVER1\root\cimv2:Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=\"Disk #3, Partition #0\""
At line:2 char:18
+ ... partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-WmiObject], ManagementException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : GetWMIManagementException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetWmiObjectCommand
 
                                        
Get-WmiObject : Invalid query "select * from Win32_DiskPartition where Path = \\SERVER1\root\cimv2:Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=\"Disk #2, Partition #0\""
At line:2 char:18
+ ... partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "Path = $($link ...
+                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-WmiObject], ManagementException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : GetWMIManagementException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetWmiObjectCommand

错误原因 #

$link.Antecedent返回的是完整的WMI对象路径（格式类似\\SERVER1\root\cimv2:Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID="Disk #0, Partition #1"），而Get-WmiObject的-Filter参数要求的是基于对象属性的查询语法，不能直接传入完整路径，因此触发无效查询错误。

修复方案 #

方案1：直接使用-Path参数获取对象（推荐） #

利用WMI对象路径直接定位目标分区，无需构造Filter，效率更高：

ForEach($link in Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition){
    $partition = Get-WmiObject -Path $link.Antecedent
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        "System Name" = $partition.SystemName
        "Drive Letter" = $link.Dependent.DeviceID
        "Partition Style" = $partition.Type
    }
}

方案2：解析路径提取DeviceID构造Filter #

如果需要通过Filter方式查询，可从Antecedent路径中提取DeviceID属性值，再构造合法的Filter：

ForEach($link in Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition){
    # 从Antecedent路径中提取DeviceID的具体值
    $deviceId = ($link.Antecedent -split 'DeviceID="')[1] -split '"' | Select-Object -First 1
    $partition = Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskPartition -Filter "DeviceID = '$deviceId'"
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        "System Name" = $partition.SystemName
        "Drive Letter" = $link.Dependent.DeviceID
        "Partition Style" = $partition.Type
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arbelac