Python调用API获取subTarefa的nome字段出错求助

调用Python接口获取数据时，除subTarefa的nome字段外，其他数据均可正常提取。遇到两个问题：

• 原代码用i['subTarefa']['nome']会报错，因为subTarefa是数组类型
• 直接存储i['subTarefa']时，openpyxl无法将空数组写入Excel，抛出ValueError

API返回结构示例 #

{
    "data": [
        {
            "id": 999,
            "nome": "Nome Tarefa Teste",
            "codigo": "T01",
            "fase": {
                "id": 22,
                "nome": "Fase Teste",
                "codigo": "F01"
            },
            "descricaoHtml": "<p>Descrição Html</p>",
            "prioridade": 0,
            "situacao": 2,
            "dtCriacao": "2020-07-06T13:36:29Z",
            "dtInicio": "2020-07-06T03:00:00Z",
            "dtFim": "2020-07-23T03:00:00Z",
            "dtConclusao": "2020-07-23T03:00:00Z",
            "porcentagemConclusao": 0.00,
            "anexo": [
                {
                    "id": 5,
                    "nome": "Slide1.png",
                    "url": "https://sults.com/Slide1.png",
                    "tamanho": 1545,
                    "dtCriacao": "2019-07-03T03:09:17Z"
                }
            ],
            "subTarefa": [
                {
                    "id": 10,
                    "nome": "Primeira Subtarefa",
                    "dtCriacao": "2022-11-14T14:54:16Z",
                    "dtConcluido": null
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "start": 0,
    "limit": 50,
    "size": 3,
    "totalPage": 1
}

原代码 #

for i in data['data']:
    nome.append(i['nome'])
    codigoTarefa.append(i['codigo'])
    situacaoTarefa.append(i['situacao'])
    faseNome.append(i['fase']['nome'])
    dtFimTarefa.append(i['dtFim'])
    dtInicioTarefa.append(i['dtInicio'])
    subTarefa.append(i['subTarefa']['nome'])

报错信息 #

File "C:\Users\Henrique Ferraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\openpyxl\cell\cell.py", line 215, in value
    self._bind_value(value)
  File "C:\Users\Henrique Ferraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.10_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python310\site-packages\openpyxl\cell\cell.py", line 184, in _bind_value
    raise ValueError("Cannot convert {0!r} to Excel".format(value))
ValueError: Cannot convert [] to Excel 

需要针对subTarefa的数组特性，先判断数组状态，再提取nome并转换成Excel可识别的格式，避免直接写入数组或错误访问字典键。

场景1：提取所有子任务名称（逗号分隔） #

如果一个任务包含多个子任务，将所有子任务的nome拼接成字符串，空数组则返回空字符串：

for i in data['data']:
    nome.append(i['nome'])
    codigoTarefa.append(i['codigo'])
    situacaoTarefa.append(i['situacao'])
    faseNome.append(i['fase']['nome'])
    dtFimTarefa.append(i['dtFim'])
    dtInicioTarefa.append(i['dtInicio'])
    
    # 处理subTarefa：提取所有nome，空数组返回空字符串
    subtarefas = i.get('subTarefa', [])
    subtarefa_nomes = ', '.join([st['nome'] for st in subtarefas])
    subTarefa.append(subtarefa_nomes)

场景2：仅提取第一个子任务名称 #

如果只需要第一个子任务的名称，空数组时返回自定义默认值（比如"无"）：

for i in data['data']:
    nome.append(i['nome'])
    codigoTarefa.append(i['codigo'])
    situacaoTarefa.append(i['situacao'])
    faseNome.append(i['fase']['nome'])
    dtFimTarefa.append(i['dtFim'])
    dtInicioTarefa.append(i['dtInicio'])
    
    # 处理subTarefa：取第一个子任务的nome，空数组返回"无"
    subtarefas = i.get('subTarefa', [])
    subtarefa_nome = subtarefas[0]['nome'] if subtarefas else "无"
    subTarefa.append(subtarefa_nome)

关键说明 #

• 用i.get('subTarefa', [])确保即使subTarefa键不存在，也能返回空数组，避免KeyError
• 将数组转换成字符串（或默认文本）后再写入Excel，规避openpyxl无法处理数组的问题

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Henrique Ferraz