.NET 7下Azure Function启动失败：缺失System.ComponentModel程序集

我使用Rider创建Azure Functions应用，通过继承FunctionsStartup的类配置依赖注入（DI），启动调试时应用失败，报错无法加载程序集System.ComponentModel, Version=7.0.0.0。将目标框架切换为.NET 6后，无需额外修改即可正常运行。

尝试安装System.ComponentModel 4.3.0版本，问题依旧；改用Program.cs替代FunctionsStartup配置服务，还是出现相同的缺失错误。

调试日志 #

C:\Users\Asus.AzureToolsForIntelliJ\AzureFunctionsCoreTools\v4\4.40.0\func.exe
host start --pause-on-error

Azure Functions Core Tools Core Tools Version:       4.0.5198 Commit
hash: N/A  (64-bit) Function Runtime Version: 4.21.1.20667

[2023-06-22T13:33:53.116Z] Found
C:\Users\Asus\Source\Repos\COMPANY\Sources\COMPANY.Functions.Emails\COMPANY.Functions.Emails.csproj.
Using for  user secrets file configuration. [2023-06-22T13:33:54.755Z]
Error configuring services in an external startup class.
[2023-06-22T13:33:54.756Z] Error configuring services in an external
startup class. COMPANY.Functions.Emails: Could not load file or
assembly 'System.ComponentModel, Version=7.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'. The system cannot find the file
specified. [2023-06-22T13:33:55.322Z] A host error has occurred during
startup operation '8cfbbf94-d585-4f40-a284-56fd665093d8'.
[2023-06-22T13:33:55.323Z] Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Script: Error
configuring services in an external startup class.
COMPANY.Functions.Emails: Could  not load file or assembly
'System.ComponentModel, Version=7.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'. The system cannot find the file
specified. Value cannot be null. (Parameter 'provider') Press any key
to continue....[2023-06-22T13:33:56.407Z] Error configuring services
in an external startup class. [2023-06-22T13:33:56.408Z] Error
configuring services in an external startup class.
COMPANY.Functions.Emails: Could not load file or assembly 'System.ComponentModel, Version=7.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'. The system cannot find the file
specified. [2023-06-22T13:33:56.424Z] A host error has occurred during
startup operation 'd4774568-11f7-4823-a195-772d543c35e8'.
[2023-06-22T13:33:56.425Z] Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Script: Error
configuring services in an external startup class.
COMPANY.Functions.Emails: Could  not load file or assembly
'System.ComponentModel, Version=7.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'. The system cannot find the file
specified.

初始Startup配置代码 #

using COMPANY.Functions.Emails;
using COMPANY.Functions.Emails.DataAccess;
using COMPANY.Functions.Emails.Services;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

[assembly: FunctionsStartup(typeof(Startup))]

namespace COMPANY.Functions.Emails
{
    internal class Startup : FunctionsStartup
    {
        public override void Configure(IFunctionsHostBuilder builder)
        {
            var configuration = BuildConfiguration(builder.GetContext().ApplicationRootPath);
            builder.Services.AddScoped(_ => configuration);

            builder.Services.AddMediatR(config => config.RegisterServicesFromAssemblyContaining<Startup>());
            builder.Services.AddScoped(s =>
                new SqlConnectionFactory(configuration.GetConnectionString("CustomerConnection"),
                    s.GetRequiredService<CustomerIdContainer>()));
            builder.Services.AddScoped<Repository>();
            builder.Services.AddScoped<CustomerIdContainer>();
            builder.Services.AddScoped<CustomerSmtpSettingsFactory>();
            builder.Services.AddScoped<CustomerEmailClientFactory>();
            builder.Services.AddScoped(_ =>
                new BlobClientFactory(configuration.GetConnectionString("BlobStorageConnection")));
        }

        private IConfiguration BuildConfiguration(string applicationRootPath)
        {
            var config =
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                    .SetBasePath(applicationRootPath)
                    .AddJsonFile("local.settings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                    .AddJsonFile("settings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                    .AddEnvironmentVariables()
                    .Build();

            return config;
        }
    }
}

更新：安装System.ComponentModel后的csproj配置 #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
    <AzureFunctionsVersion>V4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
    <LangVersion>11</LangVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Azure.Messaging.ServiceBus" Version="7.15.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Azure.Storage.Blobs" Version="12.16.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Dapper" Version="2.0.143" />
    <PackageReference Include="FluentEmail.Mailgun" Version="3.0.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="MediatR" Version="12.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions" Version="1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.ServiceBus" Version="5.11.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient" Version="5.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="7.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Graph" Version="5.13.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Functions" Version="4.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="System.ComponentModel" Version="4.3.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <None Update="host.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </None>
    <None Update="local.settings.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
      <CopyToPublishDirectory>Never</CopyToPublishDirectory>
    </None>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\COMPANY.Models\COMPANY.Models.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

更新：改用Program.cs配置后的代码及csproj #

Program.cs #

using COMPANY.Functions.Emails.DataAccess;
using COMPANY.Functions.Emails.Services;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

var builder = new HostBuilder()
    .ConfigureFunctionsWorkerDefaults();

builder.ConfigureAppConfiguration(configuration =>
{
    configuration
        .AddJsonFile("local.settings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
        .AddJsonFile("settings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
        .AddEnvironmentVariables()
        .Build();
});

builder.ConfigureServices((context, services) =>
{
    services.AddMediatR(config => config.RegisterServicesFromAssemblyContaining<Program>());
    services.AddScoped(s =>
        new SqlConnectionFactory(context.Configuration.GetConnectionString("CustomerConnection"),
            s.GetRequiredService<CustomerIdContainer>()));
    services.AddScoped<Repository>();
    services.AddScoped<CustomerIdContainer>();
    services.AddScoped<CustomerSmtpSettingsFactory>();
    services.AddScoped<CustomerEmailClientFactory>();
    services.AddScoped(_ =>
        new BlobClientFactory(context.Configuration.GetConnectionString("BlobStorageConnection")));
});

var host = builder.Build();

host.Run();

对应的csproj配置 #

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
    <AzureFunctionsVersion>V4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
    <LangVersion>11</LangVersion>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Azure.Messaging.ServiceBus" Version="7.15.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Azure.Storage.Blobs" Version="12.16.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Dapper" Version="2.0.143" />
    <PackageReference Include="FluentEmail.Mailgun" Version="3.0.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="MailKit" Version="4.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="MediatR" Version="12.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions" Version="1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.ServiceBus" Version="5.11.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient" Version="5.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="7.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Graph" Version="5.13.0" />

    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker" Version="1.14.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Http" Version="3.0.13" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Sdk" Version="1.10.0" />

  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <None Update="host.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </None>
    <None Update="local.settings.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
      <CopyToPublishDirectory>Never</CopyToPublishDirectory>
    </None>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\COMPANY.Models\COMPANY.Models.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Yehor Androsov