MinGW环境下CMake调用sed修改文件失败问题求助

场景与代码 #

在MinGW环境中，尝试通过CMake的execute_process调用sed命令，将Boost相关cmake文件中的"mgw131替换为"mgw13，原CMake代码如下：

if(WIN32 OR MINGW)
    # set Boost_COMPILER to mgw13, to avoid (mgw131, detected mgw13, set Boost_COMPILER to override) error with boost_random
    message(STATUS "[build_cots.cmake]: set 'mgw13' value to Boost_COMPILER and BOOST_DETECTED_TOOLSET for Windows")
    set(Boost_COMPILER "mgw13")
    set(BOOST_DETECTED_TOOLSET "mgw13")
    # change cmake mgw version from mgw131 to mgw13 to make it work
    execute_process(COMMAND echo Before sed
                COMMAND sed -i 's/"mgw131/"mgw13/g' libboost_random-variant-mgw131-mt-d-x64-1_70-static.cmake
                COMMAND echo After sed
                WORKING_DIRECTORY "/builds/sdo/drama_oscar/attitude_simulator/ExternalProject/Install/Boost/lib/cmake/boost_random-1.70.0"
                COMMAND_ECHO STDOUT 
                COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY)
endif()

错误日志 #

执行后出现如下错误：

[100%] Built target Boost
-- [build_cots.cmake]: set 'mgw13' value to Boost_COMPILER and BOOST_DETECTED_TOOLSET for Windows
'echo' 'Before' 'sed'
'sed' '-i' ''s/"mgw131/"mgw13/g'' 'libboost_random-variant-mgw131-mt-d-x64-1_70-static.cmake'
'echo' 'After' 'sed'
After sed
sed: -e expression #1, char 1: unknown command: `''
CMake Error at cots/build_cots.cmake:77 (execute_process):
  execute_process failed command indexes:

    2: "Child return code: 1"

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:53 (include)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

错误原因 #

从日志可见，CMake对sed命令的参数解析出了问题：替换表达式被错误添加了额外的单引号，变成''s/"mgw131/"mgw13/g''，导致sed无法识别合法的替换命令。这是CMake处理带引号的外部命令参数时的转义冲突问题。

解决思路 #

方案1：修正sed命令的参数写法 #

调整CMake中sed命令的引号使用，避免参数被错误拆分：

execute_process(COMMAND echo Before sed
            COMMAND sh -c "sed -i 's/\"mgw131/\"mgw13/g' libboost_random-variant-mgw131-mt-d-x64-1_70-static.cmake"
            COMMAND echo After sed
            WORKING_DIRECTORY "/builds/sdo/drama_oscar/attitude_simulator/ExternalProject/Install/Boost/lib/cmake/boost_random-1.70.0"
            COMMAND_ECHO STDOUT 
            COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY)

通过sh -c将整个sed命令作为单个字符串传递，让shell来解析参数，避免CMake的拆分错误。

方案2：使用CMake原生命令替换（推荐） #

完全避免依赖外部sed工具，用CMake内置的file和string命令完成替换，跨平台更可靠：

if(WIN32 OR MINGW)
    # set Boost_COMPILER to mgw13, to avoid (mgw131, detected mgw13, set Boost_COMPILER to override) error with boost_random
    message(STATUS "[build_cots.cmake]: set 'mgw13' value to Boost_COMPILER and BOOST_DETECTED_TOOLSET for Windows")
    set(Boost_COMPILER "mgw13")
    set(BOOST_DETECTED_TOOLSET "mgw13")
    
    # 用CMake原生命令替换字符串
    set(BOOST_RANDOM_CMAKE_FILE "/builds/sdo/drama_oscar/attitude_simulator/ExternalProject/Install/Boost/lib/cmake/boost_random-1.70.0/libboost_random-variant-mgw131-mt-d-x64-1_70-static.cmake")
    file(READ "${BOOST_RANDOM_CMAKE_FILE}" FILE_CONTENT)
    string(REPLACE "\"mgw131" "\"mgw13" FILE_CONTENT "${FILE_CONTENT}")
    file(WRITE "${BOOST_RANDOM_CMAKE_FILE}" "${FILE_CONTENT}")
endif()

该方法不依赖任何外部工具，完全由CMake处理，不会出现平台间工具差异或参数解析问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者RUBEN IÑIGO TEJEDOR