Docker容器中Selenium ChromeDriver崩溃（会话因页面崩溃被删）求助

问题现象 #

服务器本地运行Selenium脚本可正常工作，但在Docker容器中执行到driver.find_element(By.NAME, "OK").send_keys(Keys.RETURN)时偶尔崩溃，报错提示session deleted because of page crash。

脚本代码 #

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import os

try:
    use_service = True
    path_driver =  os.getcwd() + "/drivers/chromedriver"
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    options.add_argument("--headless")
    options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
    options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")

    if use_service:
        print("---> use Service()")
        from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
        service = Service(path_driver)
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=options)
    else:
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(path_driver,options=options)


    driver.get(my_url)
    driver.find_element(By.ID, "login").send_keys("bar")    
    driver.find_element(By.ID, "pass").send_keys("foo")
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "OK").send_keys(Keys.RETURN)

    urls = { "04": "https://xxx.xx/xxx/xxx","05": "https://xxx.xx/xxx/xxx",}

    for dept, url in urls.items():
        driver.get(url)
        print(len(driver.page_source))

    driver.close()
    driver.quit()

except Exception as e:
    print("ERROR ", str(e))

报错信息 #

---> use Service()
ERROR  Message: unknown error: session deleted because of page crash
from unknown error: cannot determine loading status
from tab crashed
  (Session info: headless chrome=111.0.5563.64)
Stacktrace:
#0 0x556474bfed93 <unknown>
#1 0x5564749cd15d <unknown>
#2 0x5564749b908c <unknown>
#3 0x5564749b8531 <unknown>
#4 0x5564749b75bb <unknown>
#5 0x5564749b7404 <unknown>
#6 0x5564749b5ee2 <unknown>
#7 0x5564749b6682 <unknown>
#8 0x5564749c3b4f <unknown>
#9 0x5564749c47a2 <unknown>
#10 0x5564749d4ba0 <unknown>
#11 0x5564749d8e40 <unknown>
#12 0x5564749b6b43 <unknown>
#13 0x5564749d47dc <unknown>
#14 0x556474a4583a <unknown>
#15 0x556474a2d353 <unknown>
#16 0x5564749fce40 <unknown>
#17 0x5564749fe038 <unknown>
#18 0x556474c528be <unknown>
#19 0x556474c568f0 <unknown>
#20 0x556474c36f90 <unknown>
#21 0x556474c57b7d <unknown>
#22 0x556474c28578 <unknown>
#23 0x556474c7c348 <unknown>
#24 0x556474c7c4d6 <unknown>
#25 0x556474c96341 <unknown>
#26 0x7f92ba72ffa3 start_thread

环境信息 #

• Docker容器系统：Linux 40b5ec9c18f9 5.15.0-58-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jan 5 11:43:13 UTC 2023 x86_64 GNU/Linux
• 宿主机系统：Linux valabre-prod23 5.15.0-58-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jan 5 11:43:13 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
• Google Chrome版本：111.0.5563.64
• ChromeDriver版本：110.0.5481.77

解决方案 #

1. 对齐Chrome与ChromeDriver版本 #

当前Chrome版本为111.0.5563.64，但ChromeDriver是110.0.5481.77，版本不匹配是触发该问题的核心原因之一。下载与Chrome版本完全一致的ChromeDriver替换容器内的驱动文件。

2. 补充Chrome启动参数 #

在ChromeOptions中添加以下参数，解决容器内资源限制和渲染异常问题：

options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")  # 避免容器内/dev/shm内存不足导致崩溃
options.add_argument("--window-size=1920,1080")  # 为headless模式指定足够的窗口尺寸，避免渲染错误
options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")  # 禁用扩展，减少资源占用
options.add_argument("--disable-images")  # 非必要时禁用图片加载，降低内存消耗（根据业务场景调整）

3. 添加显式等待机制 #

登录提交后页面跳转可能未完成，直接执行后续操作会导致页面崩溃。添加显式等待确保页面加载完成：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

# 提交登录后等待目标页面元素加载完成（替换为实际页面的特征元素）
driver.find_element(By.NAME, "OK").send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
WebDriverWait(driver, 15).until(
    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "target-page-element-id"))
)

4. 调整Docker资源配额 #

容器默认资源限制可能不足，启动容器时分配更多内存和CPU：

docker run -m 2g --cpus 2 your-image-name  # 根据实际情况调整内存（2g）和CPU（2核）配额

5. 使用官方Selenium镜像 #

改用官方selenium/standalone-chrome镜像，该镜像已预配置好匹配版本的Chrome和ChromeDriver，避免手动维护版本的麻烦：

# 启动Selenium Grid节点
docker run -d -p 4444:4444 selenium/standalone-chrome:111.0

修改脚本连接远程节点：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
# 连接远程Selenium节点
driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor='http://<docker-host-ip>:4444/wd/hub',
    options=options
)

# 后续脚本逻辑保持不变
driver.get(my_url)
# ...

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者James