如何解决AttributeError：'Polygon'对象无'colour'属性错误？

问题描述 #

我正在使用Python模拟音乐舞台，尝试为舞台添加灯光时持续出现错误：AttributeError: 'Polygon' object has no property 'colour'。我已调整Light类但仍报错，以下是我的代码及完整报错回溯信息：

原代码 #

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import math

class Light:
    def __init__(self, colour, position, direction, intensity, distribution):
    self.colour = colour
    self.position = position
    self.direction = direction
    self.intensity = intensity
    self.distribution = distribution

def calculate_cone(self):
    spread_angle = math.radians(self.distribution)
    half_cone_angle = spread_angle/2
    start_angle = self.direction - half_cone_angle
    end_angle = self.direction + half_cone_angle

class Stage:
    def __init__(self, figsize=(10,10)):
        self.fig, (self.ax0, self.ax1)=plt.subplots(2, 1, gridspec_kw={'height_ratios': [1, 10]}, figsize = (10,10))
        self.ax0.set_aspect("equal")
        self.ax0.fill([0,500,500,0],[0,0,50,50],'k')
        self.ax1.set_aspect("equal")
        self.ax1.fill([0,500,500,0],[0,0,500,500],'k')
        self.title=("STAGEVIEW")
        self.lights=[]
        self.smoke_machines=[]

def add_circle(self, centre, radius, colour):
    circle=plt.Circle(centre, radius)
    self.ax0.add_patch(circle)

    def add_circle(self, centre, radius, colour): 
        circle=plt.Circle(centre, radius) 
        self.ax0.add_patch(circle) 

    def add_light(self, light): 
        self.lights.append(light) 
        spread=np.array(light.distribution) 
        self.ax1.fill(spread[:,0], spread[:,1], colour=light.colour, alpha=0.5) 

    def simulate_lights(self): 
        for lights in self.lights: 
            light.calculate_cone() 

    def show(self): 
        plt.suptitle(self.title, fontsize="18") 

stage = Stage() 
stage.add_circle([50,25],20, 'steelblue') 
stage.add_circle([150,25],20, 'lightblue') 
stage.add_circle([250,25],20, 'steelblue')
stage.add_circle([350,25],20, 'lightblue')
stage.add_circle([450,25],20, 'steelblue')

    lights = [Light(colour="red",position[250,490],direction=90,intensity=1,distribution=[[230,490],[270,490], [270,500],[230,500]])]

for light in lights: 
    stage.add_light(light) 
    stage.simulate_lights() 

stage.show()

报错回溯信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "samplestage(1).py", line 75, in <module>
    stage.add_light(light)
  File "samplestage(1).py", line 56, in add_light
    self.ax1.fill(spread[:,0], spread[:,1], colour=light.colour, alpha=0.5)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py", line 5037, in fill
    patches = [*self._get_patches_for_fill(*args, data=data, **kwargs)]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 216, in __call__
    yield from self._plot_args(this, kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 364, in _plot_args
    for j in range(max(ncx, ncy))]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 364, in <listcomp>
     for j in range(max(ncx, ncy))]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 307, in _makefill
seg.set(**kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 1101, in set
    return self.update(props)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 1006, in update
    ret = [_update_property(self, k, v) for k, v in props.items()]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 1006, in <listcomp>
     ret = [_update_property(self, k, v) for k, v in props.items()]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 1002, in _update_property
    .format(type(self).__name__, k))
AttributeError: 'Polygon' object has no property 'colour'

错误分析与修复方案 #

核心错误原因 #

Matplotlib的fill()方法只支持美式拼写的color参数，不识别英式拼写的colour，这是直接触发报错的原因。

额外语法/逻辑问题修正 #

1. 类方法缩进错误：Light类的calculate_cone方法未缩进，不属于类成员；Stage类的add_circle、add_light等方法缩进错误，未成为类的一部分。
2. 重复方法定义：Stage类中重复定义了add_circle方法，且未给圆形设置颜色。
3. 参数语法错误：创建Light实例时，position参数缺少等号，应为position=[250,490]。
4. 循环变量错误：simulate_lights方法中循环变量名与迭代对象冲突，for lights in self.lights应改为for light in self.lights。

完整修正代码 #

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import math

class Light:
    def __init__(self, colour, position, direction, intensity, distribution):
        self.colour = colour
        self.position = position
        self.direction = direction
        self.intensity = intensity
        self.distribution = distribution

    def calculate_cone(self):
        # 完善灯光锥角计算逻辑，这里保留原结构可后续扩展
        spread_angle = math.radians(self.direction)
        half_cone_angle = spread_angle / 2
        start_angle = self.direction - half_cone_angle
        end_angle = self.direction + half_cone_angle
        return start_angle, end_angle

class Stage:
    def __init__(self, figsize=(10,10)):
        self.fig, (self.ax0, self.ax1)=plt.subplots(2, 1, gridspec_kw={'height_ratios': [1, 10]}, figsize = figsize)
        self.ax0.set_aspect("equal")
        self.ax0.fill([0,500,500,0],[0,0,50,50],'k')
        self.ax1.set_aspect("equal")
        self.ax1.fill([0,500,500,0],[0,0,500,500],'k')
        self.title = "STAGEVIEW"
        self.lights = []
        self.smoke_machines = []

    def add_circle(self, centre, radius, colour): 
        circle = plt.Circle(centre, radius, color=colour) 
        self.ax0.add_patch(circle) 

    def add_light(self, light): 
        self.lights.append(light) 
        spread = np.array(light.distribution) 
        # 将colour改为color
        self.ax1.fill(spread[:,0], spread[:,1], color=light.colour, alpha=0.5) 

    def simulate_lights(self): 
        for light in self.lights: 
            light.calculate_cone() 

    def show(self): 
        plt.suptitle(self.title, fontsize="18")
        plt.show()

stage = Stage() 
stage.add_circle([50,25],20, 'steelblue') 
stage.add_circle([150,25],20, 'lightblue') 
stage.add_circle([250,25],20, 'steelblue')
stage.add_circle([350,25],20, 'lightblue')
stage.add_circle([450,25],20, 'steelblue')

# 修正position参数的语法错误
lights = [Light(colour="red", position=[250,490], direction=90, intensity=1, distribution=[[230,490],[270,490], [270,500],[230,500]])]

for light in lights: 
    stage.add_light(light) 
    stage.simulate_lights() 

stage.show()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sinibini