ASP.NET Core 6.0登录时出现无登录认证处理器注册错误求助

错误信息 #

fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel[13]
Connection id "0HMRQHOSA1VM6", Request id "0HMRQHOSA1VM6:00000001": An unhandled exception was thrown by the application.
System.InvalidOperationException: No sign-in authentication handlers are registered. Did you forget to call AddAuthentication().AddCookie("Cookies",...)?
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationService.SignInAsync(HttpContext context, String scheme, ClaimsPrincipal principal, AuthenticationProperties properties)
at proyectoFinal.Controllers.AccountController.Login(String username, String password) in C:\Users\source\repos\parc\project\project\Controllers\AccountController.cs:line 35
...（省略后续栈追踪信息）

我提供的代码 #

Startup.cs #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace proyectoFinal
{
    public class Startup
    {
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _configuration = configuration;
        }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            // Add authentication services
            services.AddAuthentication(options =>
            {
                options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            })
            .AddCookie(options =>
            {
                options.LoginPath = "/Account/Login";
                options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied";
            });

            // Configure authorization
            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy("AdminOnly", policy =>
                {
                    policy.RequireRole("Admin");
                });

                options.AddPolicy("ManagerOnly", policy =>
                {
                    policy.RequireRole("Manager");
                });

                options.AddPolicy("UserOnly", policy =>
                {
                    policy.RequireRole("User");
                });
            });

            // Add other services and dependencies
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthentication(); 
            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}

AccountController.cs #

using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace proyectoFinal.Controllers
{
    public class AccountController : Controller
    {
        public IActionResult Login()
        {
            return View();
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Login(string username, string password)
        {
            // Perform your authentication logic here
            // e.g., validate the username and password against a user store

            // Simulate a successful authentication
            if (username == "admin" && password == "admin")
            {
                var claims = new[]
                {
                    new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, username),
                    new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, "Admin") // Assign the "Admin" role
                };

                var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);

                var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);

                await HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, principal);

                return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
            }

            // Authentication failed
            ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, "Invalid credentials");

            return View();
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Logout()
        {
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);

            return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
        }
    }
}

Program.cs #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using proyectoFinal;

var builder = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
    .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
    {
        webBuilder.ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
            services.AddDbContext<SQLiteDBContext>(); // Register the SQLiteDBContext
        })
        .Configure((hostContext, app) =>
        {
            if (!hostContext.HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });

            using (var scope = app.ApplicationServices.CreateScope())
            {
                var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
                var dbContext = services.GetRequiredService<SQLiteDBContext>();
                dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();
               
            }
        });
    });

await builder.RunConsoleAsync();

问题原因及修复方案 #

问题根源 #

你的Program.cs完全重新定义了服务配置和中间件管道，没有使用Startup类中的任何配置。这导致Startup.cs里注册的认证服务（AddAuthentication和AddCookie）根本没有被加载到应用中，所以登录时会提示没有注册登录认证处理器。

修复方案（二选一） #

方案1：修改Program.cs，使用Startup类配置

将Program.cs修改为使用Startup类，复用已写好的认证和授权配置：

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using proyectoFinal;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// 使用Startup类配置服务
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddDbContext<SQLiteDBContext>();
var startup = new Startup(builder.Configuration);
startup.ConfigureServices(builder.Services);

var app = builder.Build();

// 使用Startup类配置中间件
startup.Configure(app, app.Environment);

// 初始化数据库（原Program.cs中的逻辑）
using (var scope = app.Services.CreateScope())
{
    var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
    var dbContext = services.GetRequiredService<SQLiteDBContext>();
    dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();
}

app.Run();

方案2：直接在Program.cs中添加认证和授权配置

保持ASP.NET Core 6.0顶级语句风格，直接在Program.cs里添加认证服务注册和中间件调用：

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using proyectoFinal;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// 添加认证服务
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
})
.AddCookie(options =>
{
    options.LoginPath = "/Account/Login";
    options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied";
});

// 添加授权策略
builder.Services.AddAuthorization(options =>
{
    options.AddPolicy("AdminOnly", policy => policy.RequireRole("Admin"));
    options.AddPolicy("ManagerOnly", policy => policy.RequireRole("Manager"));
    options.AddPolicy("UserOnly", policy => policy.RequireRole("User"));
});

// 添加其他服务
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddDbContext<SQLiteDBContext>();

var app = builder.Build();

// 配置中间件管道
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
    app.UseHsts();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();

app.UseRouting();

// 注意顺序：先认证，再授权
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();

app.MapControllerRoute(
    name: "default",
    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

// 初始化数据库
using (var scope = app.Services.CreateScope())
{
    var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
    var dbContext = services.GetRequiredService<SQLiteDBContext>();
    dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();
}

app.Run();

关键注意点 #

• 中间件顺序必须正确：UseAuthentication()必须在UseAuthorization()之前调用，否则认证信息无法被授权中间件读取。
• 确保认证服务（AddAuthentication+AddCookie）被正确注册到服务容器中。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Programming_guy