Mac M1环境下PM2安装失败及zsh权限拒绝问题求助

问题梳理 #

• PM2安装过程中持续出现uuid@3.4.0过时警告，手动全局安装新版uuid后无效
• 执行pm2 --version提示权限拒绝，多次用sudo全局安装仍无法解决

操作记录 #

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npm install uuid@7.0.3 -g
added 1 package in 269ms

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npm install pm2@latest -g
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See <a href="https://v8.dev/blog/math-random" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://v8.dev/blog/math-random</a> for details.
changed 185 packages in 1s
12 packages are looking for funding
run `npm fund` for details

MacBookPro ~ % pm2 --version
zsh: permission denied: pm2

// 后续类似错误 //

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npx uuid@7.0.3
Need to install the following packages:
uuid@7.0.3
Ok to proceed? (y) y
3dc60520-4f29-444b-b866-9caddade78f8

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npm install -g pm2
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See <a href="https://v8.dev/blog/math-random" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://v8.dev/blog/math-random</a> for details.

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npm install uuid@8.3.2 --force
npm WARN using --force Recommended protections disabled.

MacBookPro ~ % sudo npm install uuid@latest
added 1 package in 188ms

MacBookPro ~ % pm2 --version
zsh: permission denied: pm2

解决步骤 #

1. 消除uuid过时警告 #

警告来自PM2自身依赖的旧版uuid，全局安装新版无效，需强制PM2使用指定版本：

• 先卸载全局PM2：

  sudo npm uninstall -g pm2
  

• 执行带依赖覆盖的全局安装：

  sudo npm install -g pm2 --override uuid@8.3.2
  

  （可替换为uuid@7+的任意稳定版本）

2. 解决权限拒绝问题 #

方案一：修复npm全局目录权限

• 查看npm全局包路径：

  npm config get prefix
  

• 修改该目录权限为当前用户：

  sudo chown -R $(whoami) $(npm config get prefix)/{lib/node_modules,bin,share}
  

• 重新安装PM2（无需sudo）：

  npm install -g pm2
  

方案二：用nvm管理Node（更推荐，彻底避免权限问题）

• 安装nvm：

  curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.7/install.sh | zsh
  

• 重启终端，安装LTS版Node：

  nvm install --lts
  

• 设置默认版本：

  nvm alias default lts/*
  

• 安装PM2：

  npm install -g pm2
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者bossbaby