LaTeX chemfig库安装失败求助：Google Colab中安装Manim、Chanim及通过\tlmgr安装chemfig遇阻

Hey there! I’ve dealt with similar headaches setting up Manim, Chanim, and the chemfig LaTeX package on Google Colab before—let’s walk through a reliable, step-by-step fix to get everything working smoothly for you.

First, let’s clean up any half-installed packages or conflicting files from your previous attempts. Run these commands to wipe old TeX Live and Python package residues:

!pip uninstall -y manim chanim
!sudo apt-get remove --purge texlive*
!sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
!sudo rm -rf /usr/local/texlive /var/lib/texmf

Colab’s default TeX setup is often missing niche packages like chemfig. Let’s install a minimal but complete base TeX distribution, then use tlmgr to add chemfig explicitly:

# Update apt repositories first
!sudo apt-get update
# Install core TeX packages
!sudo apt-get install -y texlive-base texlive-latex-extra texlive-fonts-recommended
# Install chemfig via tlmgr (TeX Live’s package manager)
!tlmgr install chemfig

If you get a tlmgr: command not found error, install the full TeX Live distribution instead (it’s larger but avoids missing dependencies):

!sudo apt-get install -y texlive-full

Manim Community Edition is the most stable version for Colab, and Chanim relies on it. Install them in order to avoid dependency clashes:

# Install Manim Community Edition
!pip install manim
# Install Chanim (use the latest compatible version)
!pip install chanim

If you hit dependency errors, try forcing a reinstall with updated pip:

!pip install --upgrade pip
!pip install --force-reinstall manim chanim

Let’s confirm each component is installed correctly:

• Check Manim version:

  !manim --version
  

• Check Chanim import:

  import chanim
  print(f"Chanim version: {chanim.__version__}")
  

• Test chemfig compilation:

  # Create a test LaTeX file with a chemical structure
  !echo '\documentclass{article}
  \usepackage{chemfig}
  \begin{document}
  \chemfig{CH3-CH2-OH}
  \end{document}' > test_chemfig.tex
  # Compile it with pdflatex
  !pdflatex test_chemfig.tex
  

If you see Output written on test_chemfig.pdf, chemfig is working.

• If Manim throws LaTeX errors: Make sure it’s using the correct TeX compiler path. Add this to your Manim code:

  from manim import *
  config.tex_compiler = "pdflatex"
  config.tex_path = "/usr/bin/pdflatex"
  

• If Chanim fails to import: Double-check that you installed Manim first—Chanim is a Manim extension and requires it as a dependency.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者GameDev Rony