Mac 12.6.7下用RVM安装Ruby2.7.5遇OpenSSL版本匹配问题求助

已查阅大量GitHub问题及Stack Overflow类似提问，仍无法让RVM正确识别符合要求的OpenSSL版本，无法为React Native安装Ruby 2.7.5。系统为OSX 12.6.7。

执行rvm reinstall 2.7.5的输出 #

rvm reinstall 2.7.5
ruby-2.7.5 - #removing src/ruby-2.7.5 - please wait
ruby-2.7.5 - #removing rubies/ruby-2.7.5 - please wait
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
No binary rubies available for: osx/12.6/x86_64/ruby-2.7.5.
Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies.
Checking requirements for osx_brew.
Certificates bundle '/usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1/cert.pem' is already up to date.
Requirements installation successful.
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/x/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.5, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-2.7.5 - #downloading ruby-2.7.5, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-2.7.5 - #extracting ruby-2.7.5 to /Users/x/.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5 - please wait
ruby-2.7.5 - #configuring - please wait
ruby-2.7.5 - #post-configuration - please wait
ruby-2.7.5 - #compiling - please wait
ruby-2.7.5 - #installing - please wait
Error running '__rvm_make install',
please read /Users/x/.rvm/log/1688495709_ruby-2.7.5/install.log
There has been an error while running make install. Halting the installation.

/usr/local/opt目录内容 #

lrwxr-xr-x    1 x  admin    27 Jul  3 11:58 openssl -> ../Cellar/openssl@3/3.1.1_1
lrwxr-xr-x    1 x  admin    28 Jul  3 11:55 openssl@1.1 -> ../Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1u
lrwxr-xr-x    1 x  admin    27 Jul  3 11:58 openssl@3 -> ../Cellar/openssl@3/3.1.1_1
lrwxr-xr-x    1 x  admin    27 Jul  3 11:58 openssl@3.1 -> ../Cellar/openssl@3/3.1.1_1

安装日志错误（.rvm/log/1688493800_ruby-2.7.5/install.log） #

/Users//.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:83:in `require': cannot load such file -- openssl (LoadError)
    from /Users//.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/lib/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:83:in `require'
    from /Users//.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/lib/rubygems/specification.rb:2430:in `to_ruby'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:846:in `block (2 levels) in install_default_gem'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:279:in `open_for_install'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:845:in `block in install_default_gem'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:835:in `each'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:835:in `install_default_gem'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:799:in `block in <main>'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:950:in `block in <main>'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:947:in `each'
    from ./tool/rbinstall.rb:947:in `<main>'
make: *** [do-install-nodoc] Error 1

OpenSSL扩展编译日志错误（.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/ext/openssl/mkmf.log） #

/Users/x/.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/ext/openssl/extconf.rb:111: OpenSSL >= 1.0.1, < 3.0.0 or LibreSSL >= 2.5.0 is required
    /Users/x/.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/ext/openssl/extconf.rb:111:in `<top (required)>'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:214:in `load'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:214:in `block in extmake'
    /Users/x/.rvm/src/ruby-2.7.5/lib/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:210:in `extmake'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:572:in `block in <main>'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:568:in `each'
    ./ext/extmk.rb:568:in `<main>'

解决方案 #

问题根源是Ruby 2.7.5仅支持OpenSSL 1.0.1到2.x版本，但系统默认openssl指向3.x版本，RVM编译时未匹配到符合要求的OpenSSL 1.1版本。执行以下步骤解决：

1. 临时指定环境变量，让RVM编译时优先使用OpenSSL 1.1：

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin:$PATH"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include"
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/pkgconfig"

2. 清理编译残留并重新安装Ruby 2.7.5：

rvm cleanup all
rvm reinstall 2.7.5 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1

3. 验证安装结果：
   安装完成后执行ruby -v确认版本，再执行irb -r openssl -e "puts OpenSSL::OPENSSL_VERSION"检查OpenSSL是否正常加载。

若仍有问题，可尝试卸载RVM后重新安装，确保安装过程中指定正确的OpenSSL路径。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者mjmostachetti